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TIPS TO CHOOSE THE BEST CRYPTO SIGNAL SERVICE

Posted on September 23, 2021 by admin

If you keep an eye on the market, crypto trading can be profitable for you.
However, you may find it hard at times. Fortunately, if you need assistance, you
can give a go to crypto signal services. The signals offered by them can be used
to make the right decision, at the right time. You can choose from a lot of
service providers. Given below are a few tips that can help you choose the right
one. Read on to know more.

Service Quality

When opting for a service, quality is the number one factor to consider.
Ideally, the trading platform should have an awesome success rate as far as
predictions are concerned. Aside from this, it should provide relevant impulses
so you can get a better idea of the market trends and trades.

Moreover, you should be able to receive the signal promptly so you can make the
right moves. The service provider should be able to generate signals as fast as
possible.

Reliability

Keep in mind that the service should be reliable as you are going to make your
trade decisions based on their guidance. Hence, you might want to opt for a
service that you can depend on. This is the only way to make the right choice
and be on the safe side.

What you need to do is hire the services of a provider who is legitimate. You
are going to consult expert traders, not an automated software program.

Free Trial

How can you find out if a provider is genuine? The best way is to give a go to
their service. Many providers offer a free trial service. This is true even if
you are going to hire any service, not just crypt trading.

The trial service will allow you to find out if the service is reliable. Once
you have tested the service, you can go ahead and pay for it for a long-term.

Pricing

After the trial period expires, you will have to pay for the service. Here it’s
important to keep in mind that providers who offer crypto signals for free of
charge may not be reliable. In the same way, you might not want to pay a lot of
money for the trial period either. As a matter of fact, the price of packages
should be fair so you can enjoy the service without breaking the bank. So, you
might want to do your homework to get the right service without spending a good
deal of money.

Support

Although it’s great if their support is available round the clock, the important
thing is to get the right information at the right time. They should be able to
answer your questions until you are satisfied.

Without reliable customer support, you can’t benefit from the crypto signal
service the way you should.

In short, if you are going to hire the service of a crypto signal service, we
suggest that you follow the tips given in this article. This way you can make
the right choice.


Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Pricing, program, Quality, software, Support,
trading


CRYPTO CURRENCY VS FIAT CURRENCY

Posted on September 23, 2021 by admin

Crypto currency vs. Fiat currency

Are you aware of the fiat currencies and the crypto currencies? They both are
currencies in one form or the other and are open for public use across the
world. But they are both different and distinct in their own ways. There is
always one group that favors the use of cryptos, while the other has a soft
corner for the fiat currencies.

In cashless society- crypto money play a huge role

If you have a look at the market of the 1970s and 1980s, you will find that the
cash played the dominant role. But, with the change in the technology,
electronic transactions have become the usual norm. Today, more and more people
are influenced in becoming the cashless society. With the progress towards the
cashless society, cryptocurrencies have a big role to play.

Crypto currency and fiat currency are always at loggerheads

Cryptocurrency and fiat currency are popular types of digital currency,
especially when it is about an online transaction. They both are currencies
currently in use in the market but have some differences in them. There is a
hell lot of hypes that you will hear on a daily basis comparing the crypto money
and the fiat money. This article will highlight the difference between the two
in a more comprehensive and clear manner.

Differentiating in what the currencies stand for

Before going for the difference between the two, you must understand what do
they stand for and how are they are defined.

The fiat currency is a legal tender that has the support of the central
government, and it operates in the physical form. For instance, US dollars,
British Pounds, Euro etc. On the other hand, the crypto currency is a non-legal
tender, and doesn’t have any backup from the central government or bank.
Hence, the difference between crypto currency and fiat currency is noted as
follows:

• Crypto-currencies are decentralized and global in nature. There are no one
entity or government that controls the currency with their laws and regulations.
The Fiat currency is centralized, under the control of the laws and regulations
of the banks and government.

• Crypto-currencies have their existence only in the digital domain. On the
other hand, you will find that the fiat currencies have a tangible and physical
existence.

• There is a limited supply of crypto-currencies with a maximum set of them
getting supplied in the market. Whereas, the fiat money has an unlimited supply
as the government and bank are entitled to produce coins and paper money
whenever the situation is required.

• The Bitcoin and other crypto type currencies are created by the computers,
while the fiat currencies are issued by the local government and the banks.

• Cryptocurrencies are presented as the public and private code pieces. On the
other hand, the fiat currencies are presented in the form of coins and paper
money.

• The value of the crypto currencies is not recognized by the supply and demand
of the market. Whereas, the fiat currency value is determined by the market
regulations of supply and demand.

The different types of crypto and fiat currencies

In the last one decade, the popularity of crypto type currencies has emerged as
a huge success. It was in 2009, when Bitcoin was first introduced, and years
after several other types of crypto currencies have emerged. Starting from
Litecoin. Dogecoin, Ripple to the Dcash and Zcash, there is a plethora of them.
On the other hand, the fiat currency has a rich and ancient roots, with the
Great British Pound, that dates back to 775 AD. It is considered as the oldest
currency in the world that is still in use.

The differences in the anonymity between the two currencies

When you are using the fiat currencies, you need to undergo a user
identification or verification process. You are asked to upload a recent picture
of yourself and some of the required documents to be issued as per the public
authorities. You don’t need to undergo any of the required processes with the
crypto currencies. Though your personal information and confidential details
don’t get public, but all your transactions are recorded and tracked in both the
fiat and the crypto currencies.

Fiat currency vs crypto currency: transparency level

• The transparency level with the crypto type currencies are considered to be
more. This is because the revenue streams are displayed in a public chain.
Everyone can witness their own and others’ transactions.

• The fiat or govt. currencies are not transparent, as there are not public
chains to see the revenue streams of the people.

A comparative historical roots

If you compare the crypto money with that of its counterpart, fiat or government
currency, you will find that their existence and creation brings the difference.
The Fiat or government currency, dates back its existence as early as 775 AD
with the introduction of the Great British Pound. This is why fiat type currency
is easily accepted by the people all over.

On the other hand, the crypto coin was perhaps first introduced only a decade
ago, with the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009. The challenge that the Bitcoin
and other crypto currencies face is catching up with the immense popularity and
increasing fan base of the fiat currency. Crypto currency, is no doubt gaining
importance and popularity in the economic market, but it has still not been
accepted widely in the society as the fiat currency.

A comparative history of the two currencies:

• It was in the 11th century, when the Chinese Song dynasty was perhaps the
first one to issue the paper money. It was not allowed to exchange with
valuables like gold and silver or silk.

• There were Tally sticks that were introduced as a fiat or government currency.
1100 Tally sticks were introduced as a combat for the shortages in gold.

• 1971, was the year, when the fiat currency received a worldwide recognition.
President Nixon introduced it in order to eliminate the dollar pegging system to
gold.

• It was in 1998, when the idea of an anonymous electronic cash system emerged
by Wei Dai. Bitgold-the very first crypto currency was created by Nick Szabo,
but it didn’t receive as much attention as Bitcoin.

• In 2009, Bitcoin was introduced in the market, that became the first crypto
currency that was accepted across the globe. In 2011 and after, a series of
several other crypto currencies were introduced. Some of the popular ones
include, Litecoin, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Zcash, Dash and so on.

The traits of both the currencies

The potential of the crypto type currencies and fiat currencies, accessing their
traits is important. You will find that in some of the criteria, Bitcoin and
other crypto currency is superior than the fiat or government currency, and in
some cases, the latter surpasses. It is absolutely your call to choose the type
of currency (crypto type currency or fiat type currency) based on your personal
needs and requirements.

Let us compare their traits with respect to certain factors.

• Both the crypto coins and fiat type currencies are interchangeable in nature.

• As per the portability is concerned both the currencies secure more or less
the same position.

• With respect to the non consumable criteria, crypto currency and fiat type
currency have the equal status.

• Crypto type currencies have high durability as compared to the fiat-currencies
that have moderate level of durability.

• Both the crypto or virtual currencies and the fiat or government currencies
ensure secure and safeguarded transactions and exchange.

• Crypto or digital currencies are highly divisible in nature. On the other
hand, the fiat type currencies are moderately divisible.

• In terms of the transaction process, the crypto currencies are easy and hassle
free. Whereas, on the other hand, the traction process associated with the fiat
currencies are easy, but not like the cryptos.

• The crypto based currencies are decentralized and global in nature, unlike the
fiat currencies that are centralized and functions under the laws and
regulations of the government.

• The crypto based currencies have high scarcity, where as, the fiat currencies
are unlimited as the government can issue coins and paper money whenever there
is a need.

• The crypto based currencies are based on mathematical algorithms, and are
programmable. The fiat currencies are not at all programmable.

• The fiat currencies are sovereign in nature, while the crypto currencies are
not.

The process of the functioning of the currencies

You can find the significant differences between the crypto or digital
currencies and the fiat currencies with the way they both operate and the
transaction process that take place. They are contrasting in nature. The
transfer of money using the Bitcoin is very quick, and you absolutely don’t need
any third party association.

On the other hand, if you are involved with the money exchange using Fiat type
currency, a mobile wallet is in use. You can exchange an amount of e-money that
gets transferred into the equal e-value amount. Both the fiat and the crypto
currencies enable you to purchase everything that you desire. But the processes
involved are absolutely distinct from each other.

Depending on the things you purchase, you will find that one currency form is
better than the other. This is absolutely your choice.

Is Bitcoin, a crypto currency better than the fiat-currency?

The long term benefits and the capability of the Bitcoins is still not
established. But it has been predicted by the crypto currency gurus and experts,
that they will go a long way, especially revolutionizing the way the online
transactions are done. In the current market, the Bitcoin is mainly included in
the online casinos and the gambling, but it is not limited to it.

Furthermore, when you compare the fiat currencies, the Bitcoin allows you to
seize the power and authority from the banks and the government since it is not
controlled. The cryptography based currency has the capability to create or come
up with the free market capitals. Fiat currencies are affected by the inflation
and the changes in the market, unlike the crypto based currencies. Such aspects
make individuals believe that cryptograph based currencies will soon take over
the mainstream currencies and bring a transformation in the way the money is
used.

Why is Bitcoins considered to be a better aspect than the fiat type currencies?

• Bitcoin gives you the opportunity to re-create a free market capitalism.

• The power of controlling the money is absolutely with the individuals, and not
with the banks like the fiat type currencies.

• When there is an inflation, the Bitcoin is not affected. But the Fiat type
currency will be easier to lose and get affected by it.

• The Bitcoin currency is easy easier to exchange and transfer as compared to
the fiat or government currencies.

• The transaction fees involved with the Bitcoin are way cheaper and easily
affordable.

Crypto currencies seem to be a favorable option among the people

The fiat type currencies are the centralized and legal way of exchanging money.
But, the crypto currencies have acquired immense popularity in the past few
years. There will never be anyone who would act as a middle man, like the case
with the banks. Moreover, the cryptos are way cheaper and less expensive that
the conventional fiat currencies.

Send money anywhere directly without waiting for the bank’s approval

You can send money to anyone in the world directly, and it is super fast. The
money gets cleared within a few minutes time. You don’t have to wait for the
traditional clearing and verification processes of the banking systems, which
might take up to several days to get a clearance. Since it is decentralized and
doesn’t come under the law and regulations of the government, nobody has any
power to do anything with your account.

The blockchain technology has a very big role to play

Thanks to the crypto currencies, that gives us the power and the authority to
become our very own bank, and take control over our finances. It is because of
the blockchain technology that offers a higher level of sophistication while
dealing with the finances. In fact, there are some mainstream financial
industries that have started incorporating the idea of the technology.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged currency, money, play, requirements, roots


CRYPTO MARKET ANALYSIS

Posted on September 23, 2021 by admin

Cryptocurrency have been around for a while now and there are multiple papers
and articles on basics of Cryptocurrency. Not only have the Cryptocurrency
flourished but have opened up as a new and trusted opportunity for investors.
The crypto market is still young but mature enough to pour in the adequate
amount of data for analysis and predict the trends. Though it is considered as
the most volatile market and a huge gamble as an investment, it has now become
predictable to a certain point and the Bitcoin futures are a proof of this. Many
concepts of the stock market have now been applied to the crypto market with
some tweaks and changes. This gives us another proof that many people are
adopting Cryptocurrency market every day, and currently more than 500 million
investors are present in it. Though the total market cap of crypto market is
$286.14 Billion that is roughly 1/65th of the stock market at the time of
writing, the market potential is very high considering the success despite its
age and the presence of already established financial markets. The reason behind
this is nothing else but the fact that people have started believing in the
technology and the products backing a crypto. This also means that the crypto
technology have proven itself and so much that the companies have agreed to put
their assets in the form of crypto coins or tokens. The concept of
Cryptocurrency became successful with the success of Bitcoin. Bitcoin, which
once used to be the only Cryptocurrency, now contributes only 37.6% to the total
Cryptocurrency market. The reason being, emergence of new Cryptocurrencies and
the success of projects backing them. This does not indicate that Bitcoin
failed, in fact market capitalization of Bitcoin has increased, rather what this
indicates is that crypto market have expanded as a whole.

These facts are enough to prove the success of Cryptocurrencies and their
market. And in reality investment in Crypto market is considered as safe now, to
the extent that some invest as for their retirement plan. Therefore what we need
next are the tools for analysis of crypto market. There are many such tools that
enable you to analyze this market in a manner similar to stock market providing
similar metrics. Including coin market cap, coin stalker, cryptoz and investing.
Even thought these metrics are simple, the do provide crucial information about
the crypto under consideration. For example, a high market cap indicates a
strong project, a high 24hour volume indicates high demand and circulating
supply indicates the total amount of coins of that crypto in circulation.
Another important metric is volatility of a crypto. Volatility is how much the
price of a crypto fluctuates. Crypto market is considered as highly volatile,
cashing out at a moment might bring in a lot of profit or make you pull your
hairs. Thus what we look for is a crypto that is stable enough to give us time
to make a calculated decision. Currencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum and
Ethereum-classic (not specifically) are considered as stable. With being stable,
they need to be strong enough, so that they do not become invalid or simply stop
existing in the market. These features make a crypto reliable, and the most
reliable Cryptocurrencies are used as a form of liquidity.

As far is crypto market is concerned, volatility comes hand in hand, but so do
its most important property i.e. Decentralization. Crypto market is
decentralized, what this means is that the price fall in one crypto does not
necessarily means down trend of any other crypto. Thus giving us an opportunity
in the form of what are called mutual funds. It’s a Concept of managing a
portfolio of the crypto currencies that you invest in. The Idea is to spread
your investments to multiple Cryptocurrencies so as to reduce the risk involved
if any crypto starts on a bear run

Similar to this concept is the concept of Indices in crypto market. Indices
provide a standard point of reference for the market as a whole. The Idea is to
choose the top currencies in the market and distribute the investment among
them. These chosen crypto currencies change if the index are dynamic in nature
and only consider the top currencies. For example if a currency ‘X’ drops down
to 11th position in crypto market, the index considering top 10 currencies would
now won’t consider currency ‘X’, rather start considering currency ‘Y’ which
have taken it’s place. Some providers such as cci30 and crypto20 have tokenized
these Crypto indices. While this might look like a good Idea to some, others
oppose due to the fact that there are some pre-requisites to invest in these
tokens such as a minimum amount of investment is needed. While others such as
cryptoz provide the methodology and a the index value, along with the currency
constituents so that an investor is free to invest the amount he/she wants to
and choose not to invest in a crypto otherwise included in an index. Thus,
indices give you a choice to further smooth out the volatility and reduce the
risk involved.

Conclusion

The crypto market might look risky at first look and many might still be
skeptical of its authenticity, But the maturity that this market has attained
within the short period of its existence is amazing and the proof enough for its
authenticity. The biggest concern that investors have is volatility, for which
there had been a solution in form of indices.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Analysis, Bitcoin, Crypto, marke, Market, point


INCREASING STUDENT SUCCESS THROUGH INSTRUCTION IN SELF-DETERMINATION

Posted on September 23, 2021 by admin

An enormous amount of research shows the importance of self-determination (i.e.,
autonomy) for students in elementary school through college for enhancing
learning and improving important post-school outcomes.
Findings

Research by psychologists Richard Ryan, PhD, and Edward Deci, PhD, on
Self-Determination Theory indicates that intrinsic motivation (doing something
because it is inherently interesting or enjoyable), and thus higher quality
learning, flourishes in contexts that satisfy human needs for competence,
autonomy, and relatedness. Students experience competence when challenged and
given prompt feedback. Students experience autonomy when they feel supported to
explore, take initiative and develop and implement solutions for their problems.
Students experience relatedness when they perceive others listening and
responding to them. When these three needs are met, students are more
intrinsically motivated and actively engaged in their learning.

Numerous studies have found that students who are more involved in setting
educational goals are more likely to reach their goals. When students perceive
that the primary focus of learning is to obtain external rewards, such as a
grade on an exam, they often perform more poorly, think of themselves as less
competent, and report greater anxiety than when they believe that exams are
simply a way for them to monitor their own learning. Some studies have found
that the use of external rewards actually decreased motivation for a task for
which the student initially was motivated. In a 1999 examination of 128 studies
that investigated the effects of external rewards on intrinsic motivations, Drs.
Deci and Ryan, along with psychologist Richard Koestner, PhD, concluded that
such rewards tend to have a substantially negative effect on intrinsic
motivation by undermining people’s taking responsibility for motivating or
regulating themselves.

Self-determination research has also identified flaws in high stakes, test
focused school reforms, which despite good intentions, has led teachers and
administrators to engage in precisely the types of interventions that result in
poor quality learning. Dr. Ryan and colleagues found that high stakes tests tend
to constrain teachers’ choices about curriculum coverage and curtail teachers’
ability to respond to students’ interests (Ryan & La Guardia, 1999). Also,
psychologists Tim Urdan, PhD, and Scott Paris, PhD, found that such tests can
decrease teacher enthusiasm for teaching, which has an adverse effect on
students’ motivation (Urdan & Paris, 1994).

The processes described in self-determination theory may be particularly
important for children with special educational needs. Researcher Michael
Wehmeyer found that students with disabilities who are more self-determined are
more likely to be employed and living independently in the community after
completing high school than students who are less self-determined.

Research also shows that the educational benefits of self-determination
principles don’t stop with high school graduation. Studies show how the
orientation taken by college and medical school instructors (whether it is
toward controlling students’ behavior or supporting the students’ autonomy)
affects the students’ motivation and learning.
Significance

Self-determination theory has identified ways to better motivate students to
learn at all educational levels, including those with disabilities.
Practical Application

Schools throughout the country are using self-determination instruction as a way
to better motivate students and meet the growing need to teach children and
youth ways to more fully accept responsibility for their lives by helping them
to identify their needs and develop strategies to meet those needs.

Researchers have developed and evaluated instructional interventions and
supports to encourage self-determination for all students, with many of these
programs designed for use by students with disabilities. Many parents,
researchers and policy makers have voiced concern about high rates of
unemployment, under-employment and poverty experienced by students with
disabilities after they complete their educational programs. Providing support
for student self-determination in school settings is one way to enhance student
learning and improve important post-school outcomes for students with
disabilities. Schools have particularly emphasized the use of self-determination
curricula with students with disabilities to meet federal mandates to actively
involve students with disabilities in the Individualized Education Planning
process.

Programs to promote self-determination help students acquire knowledge, skills
and beliefs that meet their needs for competence, autonomy and relatedness (for
example, see Steps to Self-determination by educational researchers Sharon Field
and Alan Hoffman). Such programs also provide instruction aimed specifically at
helping students play a more active role in educational planning (for example,
see The Self-directed Individualized Education Plan by Jim Martin, Laura Huber
Marshall, Laurie Maxson, & Patty Jerman).

Drs. Field and Hoffman developed a model designed to guide the development of
self-determination instructional interventions. According to the model,
instructional activities in areas such as increasing self-awareness; improving
decision-making, goal-setting and goal-attainment skills; enhancing
communication and relationship skills; and developing the ability to celebrate
success and learn from reflecting on experiences lead to increased student
self-determination. Self-determination instructional programs help students
learn how to participate more actively in educational decision-making by helping
them become familiar with the educational planning process, assisting them to
identify information they would like to share at educational planning meetings,
and supporting students to develop skills to effectively communicate their needs
and wants. Examples of activities used in self-determination instructional
programs include reflecting on daydreams to help students decide what is
important to them; teaching students how to set goals that are important to them
and then, with the support of peers, family members and teachers, taking steps
to achieve those goals. Providing contextual supports and opportunities for
students, such as coaching for problem-solving and offering opportunities for
choice, are also critical elements that lead to meeting needs for competence,
autonomy and relatedness and thus, increasing student self-determination.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Arts, Business, education, Services, Student,
Success


HOW TO BUILD A BETTER EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM: JIGSAW CLASSROOMS

Posted on May 9, 2021 by admin

The jigsaw classroom technique can transform competitive classrooms in which
many students are struggling into cooperative classrooms in which
once-struggling students show dramatic academic and social improvements.
Findings

In the early 1970s, in the wake of the civil rights movement, educators were
faced with a social dilemma that had no obvious solution. All over the country,
well-intentioned efforts to desegregate America’s public schools were leading to
serious problems. Ethnic minority children, most of whom had previously attended
severely under-funded schools, found themselves in classrooms composed
predominantly of more privileged White children. This created a situation in
which students from affluent backgrounds often shone brilliantly while students
from impoverished backgrounds often struggled. Of course, this difficult
situation seemed to confirm age-old stereotypes: that Blacks and Latinos are
stupid or lazy and that Whites are pushy and overly competitive. The end result
was strained relations between children from different ethnic groups and
widening gaps in the academic achievement of Whites and minorities.

Drawing on classic psychological research on how to reduce tensions between
competing groups (e.g., see Allport, 1954; Sherif, 1958; see also Pettigrew,
1998), Elliot Aronson and colleagues realized that one of the major reasons for
this problem was the competitive nature of the typical classroom. In a typical
classroom, students work on assignments individually, and teachers often call on
students to see who can publicly demonstrate his or her knowledge. Anyone who
has ever been called to the board to solve a long division problem – only to get
confused about dividends and divisors – knows that public failure can be
devastating. The snide remarks that children often make when their peers fail do
little to remedy this situation. But what if students could be taught to work
together in the classroom – as cooperating members of a cohesive team? Could a
cooperative learning environment turn things around for struggling students?
When this is done properly, the answer appears to be a resounding yes.

In response to real educational dilemmas, Aronson and colleagues developed and
implemented the jigsaw classroom technique in Austin, Texas, in 1971. The jigsaw
technique is so named because each child in a jigsaw classroom has to become an
expert on a single topic that is a crucial part of a larger academic puzzle. For
example, if the children in a jigsaw classroom were working on a project about
World War II, a classroom of 30 children might be broken down into five diverse
groups of six children each. Within each group, a different child would be given
the responsibility of researching and learning about a different specific topic:
Khanh might learn about Hitler’s rise to power, Tracy might learn about the U.S.
entry into the war, Mauricio might learn about the development of the atomic
bomb, etc. To be sure that each group member learned his or her material well,
the students from different groups who had the same assignment would be
instructed to compare notes and share information. Then students would be
brought together in their primary groups, and each student would present his or
her “piece of the puzzle” to the other group members. Of course, teachers play
the important role of keeping the students involved and derailing any tensions
that may emerge. For example, suppose Mauricio struggled as he tried to present
his information about the atomic bomb. If Tracy were to make fun of him, the
teacher would quickly remind Tracy that while it may make her feel good to make
fun of her teammate, she is hurting herself and her group – because everyone
will be expected to know all about the atomic bomb on the upcoming quiz.
Significance
When properly carried out, the jigsaw classroom technique can transform
competitive classrooms in which many students are struggling into cooperative
classrooms in which once-struggling students show dramatic academic and social
improvements (and in which students who were already doing well continue to
shine). Students in jigsaw classrooms also come to like each other more, as
students begin to form cross-ethnic friendships and discard ethnic and cultural
stereotypes. Finally, jigsaw classrooms decrease absenteeism, and they even seem
to increase children’s level of empathy (i.e., children’s ability to put
themselves in other people’s shoes). The jigsaw technique thus has the potential
to improve education dramatically in a multi-cultural world by revolutionizing
the way children learn.
Practical Application

Since its demonstration in the 1970s, the jigsaw classroom has been used in
hundreds of classrooms settings across the nation, ranging from the elementary
schools where it was first developed to high school and college classrooms
(e.g., see Aronson, Blaney, Stephan, Rosenfield, & Sikes, 1977; Perkins & Saris,
2001; Slavin, 1980). Researchers know that the technique is effective,
incidentally, because it has been carefully studied using solid research
techniques. For example, in many cases, students in different classrooms who are
covering the same material are randomly assigned to receive either traditional
instruction (no intervention) or instruction by means of the jigsaw technique.
Studies in real classrooms have consistently revealed enhanced academic
performance, reductions in stereotypes and prejudice, and improved social
relations.

Aronson is not the only researcher to explore the merits of cooperative learning
techniques. Shortly after Aronson and colleagues began to document the power of
the jigsaw classroom, Robert Slavin, Elizabeth Cohen and others began to
document the power of other kinds of cooperative learning programs (see Cohen &
Lotan, 1995; Slavin, 1980; Slavin, Hurley, & Chamberlain, 2003). As of this
writing, some kind of systematic cooperative learning technique had been applied
in about 1500 schools across the country, and the technique appears to be
picking up steam. Perhaps the only big question that remains about cooperative
learning techniques such as the jigsaw classroom is why these techniques have
not been implemented even more broadly than they already have.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged developed, improvements, System


HAVE YOUR CHILDREN HAD THEIR ANTI-SMOKING SHOTS?

Posted on April 9, 2021 by admin

Findings

In the early 1960s, social psychologist William McGuire published some classic
papers showing that it is surprisingly easy to change people’s attitudes about
things that we all wholeheartedly accept as true. For example, for speakers
armed with a little knowledge of persuasion, it is remarkably easy to convince
almost anyone that brushing one’s teeth is not such a great idea. McGuire’s
insight into this curious phenomenon was that it is easy to change people’s
minds about things that they have always taken for granted precisely because
most people have little if any practice resisting attacks on attitudes that no
one ever questions.

Taking this logic a little further, McGuire asked if it might be possible to
train people to resist attacks on their beliefs by giving them practice at
resisting arguments that they could easily refute. Specifically, McGuire drew an
analogy between biological resistance to disease and psychological resistance to
persuasion. Biological inoculation works by exposing people to a weakened
version of an attacking agent such as a virus. People’s bodies produce
antibodies that make them immune to the attacking agent, and when a full-blown
version of the agent hits later in life, people win the biological battle
against the full-blown disease. Would giving people a little practice fending
off a weak attack on their attitudes make it easier for people to resist
stronger attacks on their attitudes that come along later? The answer turns out
to be yes. McGuire coined the phrase attitude inoculation to refer to the
process of resisting strong persuasive arguments by getting practice fighting
off weaker versions of the same arguments.
Significance

Once attitude inoculation had been demonstrated consistently in the laboratory,
researchers decided to see if attitude inoculation could be used to help
parents, teachers, and social service agents deal with a pressing social problem
that kills about 440,000 people in the U.S. every year: cigarette smoking.
Smoking seemed like an ideal problem to study because children below the age of
10 or 12 almost always report negative attitudes about smoking. However, in the
face of peer pressure to be cool, many of these same children become smokers
during middle to late adolescence.
Practical Application

Adolescents change their attitudes about smoking (and become smokers) because of
the power of peer pressure. Researchers quickly realized that if they could
inoculate children against pro-smoking arguments (by teaching them to resist
pressure from their peers who believed that smoking is “cool”), they might be
able to reduce the chances that children would become smokers. A series of field
studies of attitude inoculation, conducted in junior high schools and high
schools throughout the country, demonstrated that brief interventions using
attitude inoculation dramatically reduced rates of teenage smoking. For
instance, in an early study by Cheryl Perry and colleagues (1980), high school
students inoculated junior high schools students against smoking by having the
younger kids role-play the kind of situations they might actually face with a
peer who pressured them to try a cigarette. For example, when a role-playing
peer called a student “chicken” for not being willing to try an imaginary
cigarette, the student practiced answers such as “I’d be a real chicken if I
smoked just to impress you.” The kids who were inoculated in this way were about
half as likely to become smokers as were kids in a very similar school who did
not receive this special intervention.

Public service advertising campaigns have also made use of attitude inoculation
theory by encouraging parents to help their children devise strategies for
saying no when peers encourage them to smoke. Programs that have made whole or
partial use of attitude inoculation programs have repeatedly documented the
effectiveness of attitude inoculation to prevent teenage smoking, to curb
illicit drug use, and to reduce teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted
diseases. In comparison with old-fashioned interventions such as simple
education about the risks of smoking or teenage pregnancy, attitude inoculation
frequently reduces risky behaviors by 30-70% (see Botvin et al., 1995; Ellickson
& Bell, 1990; Perry et al., 1980). As psychologist David Myers put it in his
popular social psychology textbook, “Today any school district or teacher
wishing to use the social psychological approach to smoking prevention can do so
easily, inexpensively, and with the hope of significant reductions in future
smoking rates and health costs.” So the next time you think about inoculating
kids to keep them healthy, make sure you remember that one of the most important
kinds of inoculation any kid can get is a psychological inoculation against
tobacco.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged advertising, laboratory


EARLY INTERVENTION CAN IMPROVE LOW-INCOME CHILDREN’S COGNITIVE SKILLS AND
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

Posted on March 9, 2021 by admin

National Head Start program conceptualized while psychologists were beginning to
study preventive intervention for young children living in poverty.
Findings
As a group, children who live in poverty tend to perform worse in school than do
children from more privileged backgrounds. For the first half of the 20th
century, researchers attributed this difference to inherent cognitive deficits.
At the time, the prevailing belief was that the course of child development was
dictated by biology and maturation. By the early 1960s, this position gave way
to the notion popularized by psychologists such as J. McVicker Hunt and Benjamin
Bloom that intelligence could rather easily be shaped by the environment. There
was very little research at the time to support these speculations but a few
psychologists had begun to study whether environmental manipulation could
prevent poor cognitive outcomes. Results of studies by psychologists Susan Gray
and Rupert Klaus (1965), Martin Deutsch (1965) and Bettye Caldwell and former
U.S. Surgeon General Julius Richmond (1968) supported the notion that early
attention to physical and psychological development could improve cognitive
ability.
Significance

These preliminary results caught the attention of Sargent Shriver, President
Lyndon Johnson’s chief strategist in implementing an arsenal of antipoverty
programs as part of the War on Poverty. His idea for a school readiness program
for children of the poor focused on breaking the cycle of poverty. Shriver
reasoned that if poor children could begin school on an equal footing with
wealthier classmates, they would have a better of chance of succeeding in school
and avoiding poverty in adulthood. He appointed a planning committee of 13
professionals in physical and mental health, early education, social work, and
developmental psychology. Their work helped shape what is now known as the
federal Head Start program.

The three developmental psychologists in the group were Urie Bronfenbrenner,
Mamie Clark, and Edward Zigler. Bronfenbrenner convinced the other members that
intervention would be most effective if it involved not just the child but the
family and community that comprise the child-rearing environment. Parent
involvement in school operations and administration were unheard of at the time,
but it became a cornerstone of Head Start and proved to be a major contributor
to its success. Zigler had been trained as a scientist and was distressed that
the new program was not going to be field-tested before its nationwide launch.
Arguing that it was not wise to base such a massive, innovative program on good
ideas and concepts but little empirical evidence, he insisted that research and
evaluation be part of Head Start. When he later became the federal official
responsible for administering the program, Zigler (often referred to as the
“father of Head Start”) worked to cast Head Start as a national laboratory for
the design of effective early childhood services.

Although it is difficult to summarize the hundreds of empirical studies of Head
Start outcomes, Head Start does seem to produce a variety of benefits for most
children who participate. Although some studies have suggested that the
intellectual advantages gained from participation in Head Start gradually
disappear as children progress through elementary school, some of these same
studies have shown more lasting benefits in the areas of school achievement and
adjustment.
Practical Application

Head Start began as a great experiment that over the years has yielded prolific
results. Some 20 million children and families have participated in Head Start
since the summer of 1965; current enrollment approaches one million annually,
including those in the new Early Head Start that serves families with children
from birth to age 3. Psychological research on early intervention has
proliferated, creating an expansive literature and sound knowledge base. Many
research ideas designed and tested in the Head Start laboratory have been
adapted in a variety of service delivery programs. These include family support
services, home visiting, a credentialing process for early childhood workers,
and education for parenthood. Head Start’s efforts in preschool education
spotlighted the value of school readiness and helped spur today’s movement
toward universal preschool.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged developmental, education, program, psychology


FAMILY-LIKE ENVIRONMENT BETTER FOR TROUBLED CHILDREN AND TEENS

Posted on February 9, 2021 by admin

The Teaching-Family Model changes bad behavior through straight talk and loving
relationships.
Findings

In the late 1960′s, psychologists Elaine Phillips, Elery Phillips, Dean Fixsen,
and Montrose Wolf developed an empirically tested treatment program to help
troubled children and juvenile offenders who had been assigned to residential
group homes. These researchers combined the successful components of their
studies into the Teaching-Family Model, which offers a structured treatment
regimen in a family-like environment. The model is built around a married couple
(teaching-parents) that lives with children in a group home and teaches them
essential interpersonal and living skills. Not only have teaching parents’
behaviors and techniques been assessed for their effectiveness, but they have
also been empirically tested for whether children like them. Teaching-parents
also work with the children’s parents, teachers, employers, and peers to ensure
support for the children’s positive changes. Although more research is needed,
preliminary results suggest that, compared to children in other residential
treatment programs, children in Teaching-Family Model centers have fewer
contacts with police and courts, lower dropout rates, and improved school grades
and attendance.

Couples are selected to be teaching-parents based on their ability to provide
individualized and affirming care. Teaching-parents then undergo an intensive
year-long training process. In order to maintain their certification,
teaching-parents and Teaching-Family Model organizations are evaluated every
year, and must meet the rigorous standards set by the Teaching-Family
Association.
Significance
The Teaching-Family Model is one of the few evidence-based residential treatment
programs for troubled children. In the past, many treatment programs viewed
delinquency as an illness, and therefore placed children in institutions for
medical treatment. The Teaching-Family Model, in contrast, views children’s
behavior problems as stemming from their lack of essential interpersonal
relationships and skills. Accordingly, the Teaching-Family Model provides
children with these relationships and teaches them these skills, using
empirically validated methods. With its novel view of problem behavior and its
carefully tested and disseminated treatment program, the Teaching-Family Model
has helped to transform the treatment of behavioral problems from impersonal
interventions at large institutions to caring relationships in home and
community settings. The Teaching-Family Model has also demonstrated how
well-researched treatment programs can be implemented on a large scale. Most
importantly, the Teaching-Family Model has given hope that young people with
even the most difficult problems or behaviors can improve the quality of their
lives and make contributions to society.
Practical Application
In recent years, the Teaching-Family Model has been expanded to include foster
care facilities, home treatment settings, and even schools. The Teaching-Family
Model has also been adapted to accommodate the needs of physically, emotionally,
and sexually abused children; emotionally disturbed and autistic children and
adults; medically fragile children; and adults with disabilities. Successful
centers that have been active for over 30 years include the Bringing it All Back
Home Study Center in North Carolina, the Houston Achievement Place in Texas, and
the Girls and Boys Town in Nebraska. Other Teaching-Family Model organizations
are in Alberta (Canada), Arkansas, Hawaii, Kansas, Michigan, Mississippi, New
Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia,
and Wisconsin.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Model, relationships, treatment


BELIEVING YOU CAN GET SMARTER MAKES YOU SMARTER

Posted on January 9, 2021 by admin

Thinking about intelligence as changeable and malleable, rather than stable and
fixed, results in greater academic achievement, especially for people whose
groups bear the burden of negative stereotypes about their intelligence.
Findings

Can people get smarter? Are some racial or social groups smarter than others?
Despite a lot of evidence to the contrary, many people believe that intelligence
is fixed, and, moreover, that some racial and social groups are inherently
smarter than others. Merely evoking these stereotypes about the intellectual
inferiority of these groups (such as women and Blacks) is enough to harm the
academic perfomance of members of these groups. Social psychologist Claude
Steele and his collaborators (2002) have called this phenomenon “stereotype
threat.”

Yet social psychologists Aronson, Fried, and Good (2001) have developed a
possible antidote to stereotype threat. They taught African American and
European American college students to think of intelligence as changeable,
rather than fixed – a lesson that many psychological studies suggests is true.
Students in a control group did not receive this message. Those students who
learned about IQ’s malleability improved their grades more than did students who
did not receive this message, and also saw academics as more important than did
students in the control group. Even more exciting was the finding that Black
students benefited more from learning about the malleable nature of intelligence
than did White students, showing that this intervention may successfully
counteract stereotype threat.
Significance

This research showed a relatively easy way to narrow the Black-White academic
achievement gap. Realizing that one’s intelligence may be improved may actually
improve one’s intelligence, especially for those whose groups are targets of
stereotypes alleging limited intelligence (e.g., Blacks, Latinos, and women in
math domains.)
Practical Application

Blackwell, Dweck, and Trzesniewski (2002) recently replicated and applied this
research with seventh-grade students in New York City. During the first eight
weeks of the spring term, these students learned about the malleability of
intelligence by reading and discussing a science-based article that described
how intelligence develops. A control group of seventh-grade students did not
learn about intelligence’s changeability, and instead learned about memory and
mnemonic strategies. As compared to the control group, students who learned
about intelligence’s malleability had higher academic motivation, better
academic behavior, and better grades in mathematics. Indeed, students who were
members of vulnerable groups (e.g., those who previously thought that
intelligence cannot change, those who had low prior mathematics achievement, and
female students) had higher mathematics grades following the
intelligence-is-malleable intervention, while the grades of similar students in
the control group declined. In fact, girls who received the intervention matched
and even slightly exceeded the boys in math grades, whereas girls in the control
group performed well below the boys.

These findings are especially important because the actual instruction time for
the intervention totaled just three hours. Therefore, this is a very
cost-effective method for improving students’ academic motivation and
achievement.
Cited Research

Aronson, J., Fried, C. B., & Good, C. (2001). Reducing the effects of stereotype
threat on African American college students by shaping theories of intelligence.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1-13.

Steele, C. M., Spencer, S. J., & Aronson, J. (2002), Contending with group
image: The psychology of stereotype and social identity threat. In Mark P. Zanna
(Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 34, pp. 379-440. San
Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc.
Additional Sources

Blackwell, L., Dweck, C., & Trzesniewski, K. (2002). Achievement across the
adolescent transition: A longitudinal study and an intervention. Manuscript in
preparation.

Dweck, C., & Leggett, E. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and
personality. Psychological Review, 95, 256-273.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged perfomance, psychologist, successfully


HOW CRYPTOCURRENCY TRADING SOFTWARE IS HELPING TO GROW YOUR CRYPTO PLATFORM

Posted on September 24, 2020 by admin

The cryptocurrency trading software package is an integrated system to manage
all aspects of cryptocurrency trading platform like all kinds of crypto buy,
sell, exchange, lending, MLM & affiliate management, converting, live market
comparison & analyzing etc.

Important features you should consider:

Buy, Sell And Exchange: Nishue is the impressive trading management system
offers a smooth and secure methodology for your users to effortlessly Buy, Sell
and exchange cryptocurrencies.

Lending system management: This system is completely brokering friendly has a
system to manage Crypto lending service, like create manage offers, maintain and
moderation etc

Unique Admin Module: Nishue contains a secure and advanced Admin Module for you
to control your Cryptocurrency exchange end-to-end.

Separate customer profile: Separate customer profile module that helps your
users to easily track and check all Open deposit or withdraw orders, Records,
Transactions etc. on just a click.

MLM & affiliate management: This marketing ready automation tools facilitate to
manage your level wise affiliate commission, contribution history, and
documents.
Market comparison & Converter: Two additional system has been integrated for
live Crypto Comparison, Conversion & Depth analysis.

How Cryptocurrency Trading Software Is Helping To Grow Your Crypto Platform:

Coin Deposit & Withdraw: Crypto trader need to maintain enormous Deposit and
Withdraw request daily. Trading software aid to manage your activity with its
auto set algorithm.

Coin Package & Lending offer: Keep your various coin package and lending offer
at the fingers end of your customer. You can create, manage and advertise your
offer using a well-designed package.

Level wise commission: If you follow the MLM strategy to reward your respective
participants, and worried about set their commission? OK, It is ready to auto
calculate their level wise commission.

Notification & Risk management: Every crypto trading platform must arrange push
notification system to keep itself and its client up to date about many alarming
issues thus help eliminate risk. In this case, a system project is totally
perfect.

Multiple Payment Gateway: You can Integrate your cryptocurrency wallet, Local
currency, Payeer Even Mobile Banking system as a Payment method within this
software to make your transaction hassle free.

Daily, Weekly & Monthly ROI: Are you worried about maintaining ROI as per you
said. This cryptocurrency trading management software can auto calculate ROI,
commission, and others as per your given instruction.

Free Responsive Website: It must have integrated a fully responsive, SEO
optimized dynamic website with our system and it is totally free. It will help
you to manage your enterprise smoothly.

Crypto Comparison, Conversion & Depth analysis: Crypto live market cap & coin
convertor two addition system has been integrated for live Crypto Comparison,
Conversion & Depth analysis

100% secured System: A trading software is designed after having highly security
issue in mind. Secured Integer framework, two-factor authentication, and much
other security systems have been applied in this cryptocurrency trading
software.

The absolute package exclusively for spot cryptocurrency trading that allows
users to trade Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum and Litecoin through Coinbase.
Built upon the same technology that powers the Nishue software, It incorporates
proven market-leading tools developed over 25 years to provide both professional
and active cryptocurrency traders with a better experience than what’s currently
offered by other crypto-only trading solutions.

Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged coin, commission, Platform, wallet, Withdraw


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