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登入 終結愛滋風電高峰論壇房市熱話題台北畫刊富市臺中香港最強吃喝更多 會員專區 動態雜誌一鏡到底心內話鏡相人間財經人物理財時代現場鏡大咖影劇專欄美食焦點旅行台灣看見世界廚房密技好酒情報完整全文 焦點 娛樂 娛樂頭條試鏡間穿衣鏡蘭蘭夫人我眼中的大明星娛樂透視動漫遊戲 政治 財經 社會 生活 食旅情報萬象知識好好玩書評專欄詩鏡書摘微醺酩品好聽人物暖流 國際要聞 汽車鐘錶 車壇焦點鏡車專題靚俥試駕鏡車經錶壇焦點鐘錶專題編輯幕後新錶2021奢華誌新錶2022新錶2023 瑪法達 * * * * 訂閱電子雜誌 * 內容授權 * 廣告合作 * 下載APP * 新聞自律綱要 * 會員專區 動態雜誌 一鏡到底 心內話 鏡相人間 財經人物 理財 時代現場 鏡大咖 影劇專欄 美食焦點 旅行台灣 看見世界 廚房密技 好酒情報 完整全文 * 焦點 * 娛樂 娛樂頭條 試鏡間 穿衣鏡 蘭蘭夫人 我眼中的大明星 娛樂透視 動漫遊戲 * 政治 * 財經 * 社會 * 生活 食旅情報 萬象 知識好好玩 書評 專欄 詩 鏡書摘 微醺酩品 好聽人物 暖流 * 國際要聞 * 汽車鐘錶 車壇焦點 鏡車專題 靚俥試駕 鏡車經 錶壇焦點 鐘錶專題 編輯幕後 新錶2021 奢華誌 新錶2022 新錶2023 * 瑪法達 終結愛滋 風電高峰論壇 房市熱話題 台北畫刊 富市臺中 香港最強吃喝 更多 訂閱紙本雜誌 文化 2017.09.05 14:43 臺北時間 「我認識的每一位億萬富翁，幾乎都固定服用致幻劑」 矽谷科技人相信迷幻藥可成為提升創造力的工具。（beckleyfoundation） 發布時間：2017.09.05 14:43 臺北時間 更新時間：2023.09.12 20:25 臺北時間 記者 * 謝樹寬 已複製連結 贊助本文加入訂閱會員 矽谷 矽谷科技業和六零年代在舊金山發跡的嬉皮文化，有著千絲萬縷的關係。 矽谷企業文化中鼓吹自由開放，強調與世界連結，暗合嬉皮愛與和平的夢想。而近來西方許多媒體也注意到，矽谷的科技人和嬉皮世代一樣，興起了使用迷幻藥物LSD的風潮。 不過，不同於當年嬉皮們借藥物開發自我的心靈，新一代的LSD使用者則是想打造「更好的自我」，用藥物提升創意、精進自己的工作表現。 矽谷科技業 掀迷幻藥物新風潮 迷幻藥，讓人聯想到的無外乎放縱、墮落、罪惡、敗德。 即使有人信誓旦旦宣稱自己服用迷幻藥是為了探索自我心靈，但是我們一般人看到他們藥效發作後迷離、恍神的舉止，難免將它與逃避、頹廢劃上等號。 不過，英國金融時報最近專文報導，發現矽谷的科技工作者服用LSD竟成了頗為普遍的現象，與一般印象中違禁藥品使用者不同，他們求助藥物，並不是為了得到刺激或解放的快感，而是為了工作上有更好的表現。 什麼是LSD？ LSD是德文Lysergsäure-diäthylamid簡寫，中文名稱「D-麥角酸二乙胺」，是一種強烈半人工致幻劑，也是目前最常見的迷幻藥物。無色、無味、微苦。以質量而言，是目前所發現最強烈的精神藥品。一般藥品或毒品多以微克為計量單位，而LSD則以毫克為單位。大約25毫克即可達致幻效果。 黛安是29歲的矽谷新創公司創辦人。一身幹練打扮絕不像人們印象中頹廢的「毒蟲」。她金髮碧眼，眼珠明亮有神，剛修剪了刻意不對稱的髮型，穿著潔淨的白色牛仔褲。 「我不喝咖啡，我用LSD。」在金融時報的記者訪問中，她神情自若，公開承認自己使用美國列管的A級管制藥品。 提升工作表現 微量用藥正當紅 從今年一月開始，她成了「微量用藥」（microdosing）－－固定每幾天極少的含量－－的迷幻藥LSD使用者。每次服用大約是產生藥效的十分之一劑量，她並不會體驗到迷幻效果——腦中跑出粉紅色大象，或是不斷旋轉的奇幻宇宙——反倒是提升了她的創造力、生產力和專注力。她發現藉助LSD她在發展公司策略時更能專注，與人溝通也變得容易。 當我的藥效起「作用」時，我可以有很好的對話，更能專注聽人說話。它幫我增強了連結並強化了同理心。 黛安是新世代的LSD使用者，她相信LSD就和冥想或是咖啡一樣，是實用而且無害的精神提昇。他們一絲不苟精算用量，通常是固定每三天服用10到20微克（1微克等於百萬分之一公克）。關於微劑量的科學研究並不多，因此他們會注意自己身心的反應，把自己記錄下來的狀況交給研究員，並在社群網站Reddit上與其他18000個微量用藥者討論。 這些新世代的LSD使用者，對於半世紀前嬉皮前輩們的用藥方式不敢苟同，認為他們莽撞不知節度。新一代的用藥者，精算自己分分秒秒的時間，利用致幻劑執行他們工作和生活中的任務。 「這是時代的象徵，」黛安說：「LSD是有高度彈性的物質。它會放大發生在你腦子裡的一切。它會放大在社會裡發生的一切。如今我們執迷於生產力，因此我們用它來（放大生產力）。」矽谷的微量用藥者想要洗刷藥物的惡名，扭轉一般人的觀念，讓致幻劑能和咖啡一樣被一般社會所接受。 賈伯斯：迷幻藥是我人生重要事之一 六零年代，舊金山曾是世界的迷幻藥之都。嬉皮們受到佛教和美洲原住民傳統的啟發，開始進行狂野的實驗，要扭轉和開發心靈內在世界。如今，舊金山則領頭開始了微量用藥的運動。 在艾薩克森（Walter Isaacson）的暢銷傳記《賈伯斯傳》中，提到賈伯斯曾經半開玩笑說，要是比爾蓋茲用迷幻藥，微軟應該會是更有原創性的公司。賈伯斯也曾經說過，迷幻藥是他人生中「最重要的兩三件事」其中之一。 《賈伯斯傳》裡，作者引述賈伯斯的說法：比爾蓋茲如果用迷幻藥，微軟這家公司應當會更有原創性。（東方IC） 科技業的工作者顯然從賈伯斯身上得到不少靈感。有些人像賈伯斯一樣體驗了「全套」的LSD迷幻效果，不過更多的人採用效果「微妙」的微劑量，但不致讓藥物影響到每日的工作和生活。 黛安說，她的許多朋友都是從今年開始微量用藥。而科技業投資人、《一週工作四小時》的作家費里斯（Tim Ferriss）則說：「（他）認識的每一位億萬富翁，幾乎都固定服用致幻劑（hallucinogens）」。 金融時報的記者訪問了多名微量迷幻藥的使用者，他們都不願以真名示人，因這藥物在美國仍屬違法。這些人都是有高度工作熱忱的專業人士，絕大部分從事科技業，許多還是自創的新創公司領導人。他們都說自己把使用LSD當成在壓力下提升生產力的工具，以創造知識工作者所需的源源不絕的靈感，並且在充滿各種令人分心的世界裡，改進自己的專注力。 31歲的蓋兒說：「擔任執行長，工作負擔令人難以置信，你非得是超人不可。」服用迷幻藥幫助她保持冷靜。 在紐約一家新創公司的創辦人保羅說，他和他的員工們開始微量用藥之後，變得較能放鬆。不過他不是完全確定這是否是用藥的結果，他覺得也有可能是公司開始使用Asana——一個方案管理的app——之後，才讓團隊變得更有效率。畢竟，他們開始用藥和開始使用Asana大約是同時間的事。 也有些人自行服用LSD來解決憂鬱這類的心理問題。35歲的食品業創業者香泰兒，不想借助傳統的抗憂鬱藥，她說微量使用LSD的效果真是「驚人」。她說現在如果感到挫折崩潰，大概五分鐘後就可恢復平靜。在過去，她可能會連續躺床上兩三天都不想動。 迷幻污名之累 LSD效用研究長期停滯 LSD不是唯一重新流行的藥物。有些研究正嘗試了解裸蓋菇素（psilocybin，「魔菇」裡的重要成分）是否可減緩臨終重症患者生命終結前的焦慮，或是MDMA（俗稱「搖頭丸」裡的成分）能否具有減輕「創後壓力症候群」的療效。有些科技業工作者親身前往南美洲體驗「死藤水」（ayahuasca），據說人們服用後，在頻頻嘔吐的過程中會達到「通靈」、「入神」的狀態。 許多微量用藥者認為，嬉皮世代藥物濫用的方式實在太駭人聽聞，不只對用藥者身體造成危害，也給LSD留下了污名。他們認為五十年前「愛之夏」（Summer of love）的嬉皮運動，反倒導致了人們對藥物理解的大倒退。自此之後少有人對它們的效應做研究。 「生物駭客」打造更好版本的自己 2016年1月19日，馬露芙醫師出席德國慕尼黑「數位-生活-設計」大會。她相信迷幻藥在十年內將合法。（東方IC） 26歲的奧斯汀（Paul Austin）創辦了「第三波」，鼓吹人們應認可迷幻藥在文化上的地位。按照他的看法，第一波的迷幻藥使用指的是古希臘到印度傳統原住民族。在六零年代的第二波迷幻風潮之後，嗑藥成了違法的行為。如今第三波微劑量使用者則是在平反嬰兒潮世代對迷幻藥造成的污名，並設法讓LSD再度合法。 年輕的瑪露夫（Molly Maloof）醫師，她的病患包括了許多矽谷科技業主管。她說如今人們對「生物駭客」(biohacking）的興趣越來越高。所謂「生物駭客」，指的就是利用維他命、藥物、健身運動等方式，調整自己的基因表現，讓個人展現出自己的最佳樣貌。 瑪露夫相信迷幻藥的前途「一片光明」，可能在五到十年之內合法。「嬉皮2.0世代正在把LSD轉化成追求人生目標和最大潛能的工具，他們並不想出去派對狂歡。」 延伸閱讀： 老嬉皮：舊金山成了科技業的「遊樂場」 矽谷．迷幻藥．馴化的嬉皮新世代（中） 「藥」讓你成為更好的自己？ 矽谷．迷幻藥．馴化的嬉皮新世代（下） 參考資料： How Silicon Valley rediscovered LSD（Financial Times） 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