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RTL1


FROM WIKIPEDIA, THE FREE ENCYCLOPEDIA

RTL1 (retrotransposon like 1) is a retrotransposon derived protein coding
gene.[5] It is also known as PEG11 and is a paternally expressed imprinted gene,
part of genomic imprinting. RTL1 plays an important role in the maintenance of
fetal capillaries and is expressed in high quantities during late stage of fetal
development.[5] The expression of this gene is important for the development of
the placenta, the fetus-maternal interface. Because the placenta is the first
organ to form during the development of an embryo, problems in its establishment
and biological role lead to complications during gestation.[6] This organ
maintains the fetus throughout the pregnancy and is therefore sensitive to
disruptions. Studies in mice suggest that disruption of the RTL1 concentration,
whether increasing or decreasing the amount of this protein coding gene, can
lead to serious errors in the conservation of placental fetal capillaries. RTL1
knockout mice have shown obstruction in fetal development along with late
fetal/neonatal death.[7] Studies from sheep homologs suggest that high
expression levels of RTL1 can lead to skeletal muscle hypertrophy This is due to
over-expression patterns in the paternal allele specific gene.[8]


REFERENCES

 1. ^ Jump up to: a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000254656 - Ensembl,
    May 2017
 2. ^ Jump up to: a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000085925 -
    Ensembl, May 2017
 3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information,
    U.S. National Library of Medicine.
 4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information,
    U.S. National Library of Medicine.
 5. ^ Jump up to: a b Sekita Y, Wagatsuma H, Nakamura K, Ono R, Kagami M,
    Wakisaka N, et al. (February 2008). "Role of retrotransposon-derived
    imprinted gene, Rtl1, in the feto-maternal interface of mouse placenta".
    Nature Genetics. 40 (2): 243–8. doi:10.1038/ng.2007.51. PMID 18176565.
    S2CID 5455176.
 6. ^ Rossant J, Cross JC (July 2001). "Placental development: lessons from
    mouse mutants". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (7): 538–48.
    doi:10.1038/35080570. PMID 11433360. S2CID 28327869.
 7. ^ Kitazawa M, Tamura M, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ishino F (February 2017). "Severe
    damage to the placental fetal capillary network causes mid- to late fetal
    lethality and reduction in placental size in Peg11/Rtl1 KO mice". Genes to
    Cells. 22 (2): 174–188. doi:10.1111/gtc.12465. PMID 28111885.
 8. ^ Bidwell CA, Kramer LN, Perkins AC, Hadfield TS, Moody DE, Cockett NE
    (August 2004). "Expression of PEG11 and PEG11AS transcripts in normal and
    callipyge sheep". BMC Biology. 2: 17. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-2-17.
    PMC 514575. PMID 15298706.



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