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International Atomic Energy Agency Sec Gen Rafaelo Mariano Grossi Speaks With
Bloomberg in Davos
International Atomic Energy Agency Sec Gen Rafaelo Mariano Grossi Speaks With
Bloomberg in Davos
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 * 00:00You report actually at the end of December that Iran tripled the rate at
 * 00:03which it's accumulating uranium, enriched close to weapons grades.
 * 00:07How much material do you think they have now?
 * 00:10Well, they they have enough material for several nuclear warheads.
 * 00:16This does mean they have them. Let me be clear about this.
 * 00:20But it's not banal that they have accumulated so much enriched uranium
 * 00:26that this is a possibility. You may remember that a few years ago
 * 00:29people were saying, well, is two months, three months, five months, that
   they
 * 00:33would have enough material to do this. Now it's a reality.
 * 00:37And this continues, as you were mentioning my report, we have seen that
 * 00:41they are speeding up the enrichment base.
 * 00:45And, of course, it's something they can do.
 * 00:47But of course, we need to to verify. But what are they doing with it?
 * 00:51Well, this is this is one of the questions.
 * 00:53They are accumulating it. They, of course, and it's their right.
 * 00:57They say that it's for civilian purposes, but
 * 01:02we haven't seen much in terms of that being used.
 * 01:05It is, in fact, being stored. So we also know that Iran is not
 * 01:09actually, you know, providing your inspectors with early design
 * 01:11information. So is there a real danger that actually
 * 01:14they're not comparing, but so could they be preparing nuclear sites to
   put them
 * 01:18online? Well, I would say
 * 01:21here we have to divide very carefully what are activities that may have
   future
 * 01:26implications from this taking place in real in in reality, they they
   enrich.
 * 01:34They they have a civilian nuclear program.
 * 01:38They have they produce. They fabricate centrifuges and they do
 * 01:44have uranium mining and processing. So all the activities of the
   so-called
 * 01:49nuclear fuel cycle are taking place. The problem that we have seen is
   that
 * 01:54there are many areas in which they have not clarified important things
   that we
 * 01:59have discovered in the past, which were not entirely clear for us.
 * 02:04Why were we finding traces of uranium in places that had never been
   declared as
 * 02:12sites having hosted nuclear activities? So we are asking if there was
   material
 * 02:18where it is. If there is if there was equipment here,
 * 02:21what is this equipment that we can see? So it is it is a very
   frustrating cycle
 * 02:27of us asking questions and not getting the necessary clarifications and
 * 02:32answers. Reasons very simple.
 * 02:34So basically, so you don't understand the nature of some of these sites
   or its
 * 02:38we can see what they were for.
 * 02:41But until we clarify, we don't understand why why they they they do not
 * 02:47provide the necessary transparency. I was there you may remember I saw
 * 02:51President crazy this last March and the foreign minister and we had some
 * 02:56understandings. But unfortunately in the course of the
 * 02:58year, these commitments never really were were realized.
 * 03:05And and here we are. Director Grossi, You were also in Saudi
 * 03:09Arabia last year and has taken quite a lot of time for Saudi Arabia to
 * 03:12implement some of the full scope nuclear safeguards in order to generate
   atomic
 * 03:16power. Why is it taking so long?
 * 03:18Well, the issue is that they don't have, at this point in time the kind
   of
 * 03:23activities that would require a very major comprehensive inspection
   system.
 * 03:29They have very, very minor activities. They have commissioned a low
   power
 * 03:33research reactor from Argentina. They haven't received it yet.
 * 03:36But this is not a major facility, small training facility.
 * 03:39But they do have plants. They have the idea, which is perfectly
 * 03:45fine with us, to have a big nuclear energy program like the Emirates,
   for
 * 03:51example. Right.
 * 03:53And this will require an adaptation of the inspection system because
   they are
 * 03:59going to have tons and tons of uranium and nuclear material.
 * 04:04And so they will have to be inspected. And this is I was in Riyadh,
   like, as
 * 04:07you rightly said in December, I was talking to the minister of Energy,
   to
 * 04:12the foreign minister with whom I met here in Davos.
 * 04:15As you know, he's here. So we have a very intensive dialogue
 * 04:19with the kingdom at the moment. What's going on in Ukraine.
 * 04:23I know there were questions, for example, of, you know, Russian nuclear
 * 04:26plants in Belarus and whether they were safe.
 * 04:28Were those a number of things there? The first and most important is
   somebody
 * 04:33Siberia is the biggest, largest nuclear power plant in Europe.
 * 04:36Six reactors. Yes, they are six gigawatts of installed
 * 04:40in Ukraine, in Ukraine, but in occupied territories.
 * 04:44So desire, as you know, is part of this crescent, which is and Russian
   control.
 * 04:49And the issue here is that this plant is at the frontline of the war.
 * 04:53He's not is somewhere in the in the province is at the frontline of
   course
 * 04:58is an active. So so there's a lot of military activity
 * 05:02taking place. There have been attacks in the past.
 * 05:05This is why I deployed a team. I have been there myself.
 * 05:08I will be returning there very soon. Okay.
 * 05:11We are trying to stabilize the situation there to avoid a nuclear
   accident with
 * 05:16major radiological consequences. So this is the major thing.
 * 05:19We have also, at the request of President Zelensky, I have deployed
 * 05:22teams in all other. Yeah.
 * 05:24Nuclear power plants in in Ukraine. And they are checking that nothing
   bad
 * 05:31happens there.

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INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY SEC GEN RAFAELO MARIANO GROSSI SPEAKS WITH
BLOOMBERG IN DAVOS

January 18th, 2024, 6:58 AM PST

International Atomic Energy Agency Sec Gen Rafaelo Mariano Grossi discusses
IAEA's Iran, Saudi Arabia, and nuclear safeguarding with Bloomberg's Francine
Lacqua at World Economic Forum's annual meeting in Davos. (Source: Bloomberg)

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