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PRESCRIPTION DRUGS

ACE INHIBITORS

ACE converts angiotensin I to the vasoactive angiotensin II in your body.
Angiotensin II is a potent pressor agent (it increases blood pressure). An ACE
inhibitor is a drug that blocks or decreases the rate of the conversion process
and is used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure.

ACNE MEDICATIONS

Mild acne is treated with creams and solutions, while moderate and severe acne
is usually treated by a combination of topical medicines and antibiotic pills,
or prescription drugs.

ADHD MEDICATIONS

Drugs used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While many
may have a stimulating effect in most people, they have a calming affect in ADHD
patients. These include methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine, among others.

ALPHA BLOCKERS

Medicines that reduce the workload of the heart and lower blood pressure. They
are commonly used to treat high blood pressure or peripheral vascular disease.

ALZHEIMER'S MEDICATIONS

Medications used to treat Alzheimer's disease to relieve symptoms or slow the
progression of the disease.

AMINOSALICYLATES

Drugs used to treat inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease and
ulcerative colitis, and to keep the disease in remission.

ANALGESICS

Drugs that capable of reducing the perception of pain without producing
anesthesia or loss of consciousness. Most also reduce inflammation. There are
many types that may be available over-the-counter or by prescription. They do
not eliminate pain, but mask it by increasing the body's pain threshold.

ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKERS

Drugs that widen blood vessels by preventing a substance called angiotensin II
from entering angiotensin II receptors. Angiotensin II is one of several
substances in the body that cause blood vessels to tighten and regulates blood
pressure.

ANTI-ANXIETY MEDICATIONS

An agent used to lessen the symptoms of anxiety at doses which do not cause
excessive sedation.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS

An agent used to reduce inflammation by acting on body mechanisms instead of
directly opposing the action of the inflammatory agent. They can also be useful
in reducing the pain of certain types of headaches or numerous other pain
conditions.

ANTIBIOTICS

A specific type of antibacterial, an antibiotic is a substance derived from a
bacterium or a mold that is used to inhibit the growth of other microorganisms.
They have no effect on viruses. They are used to treat infections and are given
before some medical procedures to prevent infections in some patients.

ANTICOAGULANTS

Medications that decrease the ability of the blood to clot. While clotting is a
necessary and life-sustaining function, anticoagulants reduce the risk of a
blood clot forming and blocking blood flow through a major blood vessel.

ANTICONVULSANT MEDICATIONS

Drugs used to prevent or control the severity of seizures in various types of
epilepsy. They may also be prescribed to treat bipolar disorder and some
personality disorders.

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Antidepressants primarily used to prevent or treat depression, anxiety and
obsessional problems. They work by increasing the level of neurotransmitters in
the brain.

ANTIDIARRHEALS

These agents are used to treat or prevent diarrhea.

ANTIDYSKINETICS

A class of medications used to alleviate symptoms associated with some
neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis). They work by
improving muscle control and reducing stiffness, allowing for more normal body
movements.

ANTIEMETICS

They are used in the prevention or treatment of nausea and vomiting.

ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS

Drugs used to treat fungal infections of the skin.

ANTIHISTAMINE DRUGS

A group of drugs that block the effects of histamine, a chemical released during
an allergic reaction. They are designed to reduce various cold and allergy
symptoms (e.g., sneezing, itching, runny nose).

ANTIHYPERTENSIVES

They are used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension).

ANTIPLATELETS

Drugs that block the formation of blood clots by decreasing the ability of the
body's natural blood-clotters (platelets) to bind together (aggregate).

ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Antipsychotics primarily used to treat psychoses, such as schizophrenia, mania
and delusional disorder. They may control such symptoms as delusions and
hallucinations and may have some mood-stabilizing effects.

ANTIVIRALS

A class of drugs used to treat viral infections. They may act by destroying or
weakening the virus.

ASTHMA MEDICATIONS

Medications that generally relieve the symptoms caused by asthma, but do not
cure the condition itself.

BENZODIAZEPINES

Drugs that slow down the central nervous system. They are used to produce
sedation, induce sleep, relieve anxiety and muscle spasms, and prevent seizures.
They can be habit-forming when taken in high doses or for long periods.

BETA BLOCKERS

Medications that reduce the workload of the heart and lower blood pressure. They
are commonly used to treat high blood pressure, angina (a certain type of chest
pain, pressure or discomfort) or congestive heart failure.

BIRTH CONTROL PILLS

Pills that control a female patient's menstrual cycle. Although they are most
commonly used to prevent pregnancy, they may also be prescribed for other
conditions.

BRONCHODILATORS

A group of drugs used to widen the lung's airways (bronchi).

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Calcium Channel Antagonists that block the movement of calcium ions into heart
cells and blood vessels. This increases the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the
heart, lowers blood pressure and reduces the heart's workload.

CHOLESTEROL LOWERING MEDICATIONS

They are used in the treatment of high cholesterol. They include statins, bile
acid resins, nicotinic acid (niacin) and fibrates.

CORTICOSTEROIDS

Group of anti-inflammatory drugs similar to hormones produced by the body.
Corticosteroids are used to treat many numerous conditions.

COX-2 INHIBITORS

Medications similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs but that should not
cause stomach upset. They only block COX-2 (which causes inflammation) not COX-1
(which protects the stomach lining). Potentially serious side effects may occur.

DECONGESTANTS

Over-the-counter medications that shrink swollen nasal tissues to relieve
symptoms of nasal swelling, congestion and mucus secretion.

DIET PILLS

Substances to aid in weight loss that may be available over-the-counter or by
prescription. They are not usually recommended for weight management in people
with diabetes as they often do not work or have potentially dangerous side
effects.

DIURETICS

Pills that cause the kidneys to flush water and other substances (e.g., sodium)
from the body through urine.

DMARDS

Category of drugs used in many autoimmune diseases to slow down disease
progression, including rheumatoid arthritis.

DOPAMINE BLOCKERS & DEPLETORS

Medicines that prevent the body from using (blockers) or producing (depletors)
the neurotransmitter dopamine. They are used to treat neurological conditions
such as Tourette syndrome and Huntington's disease.

DOPAMINE PRECURSORS

Medications that enter the brain and are converted to dopamine, a chemical
messenger responsible for smooth, coordinated movement and other motor and
cognitive functions. They may be used to treat Parkinson's disease.

DOPAMINE STIMULATORS

Drugs that mimic the effect of dopamine (a neurotransmitter), which may lead to
relief of symptoms from Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders.

FEVER REDUCERS

Medicines that reduce fever. They may belong to a variety of drug classes,
including analgesics (pain relievers) and anti-inflammatories.

FIBRATES

Drugs used in the treatment of high blood lipids. Fibrates reduce triglyceride
production and increase the rate that triglycerides are removed from the blood.
They can lower triglycerides and increase HDL, but are less effective at
lowering LDL.

H2 BLOCKERS

A specific class of drugs that blocks the action of histamine by reversibly
competing with histamine at the H2 receptors. They are used to treat peptic
duodenal and gastric ulcers as well as other types of ulcers, gastroesophageal
reflux, and hypersecretory conditions.

HEADACHE MEDICATIONS

Medicines used to relieve or prevent intermittent headaches or chronic headache
conditions (e.g., migraines, tension headaches). They may work by blocking pain,
reducing inflammation, opening restricted blood vessels or by other methods.

HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY

Replacement of the female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) lost during
menopause. Replacement may be of either or both hormones. Studies have suggested
that this may increase breast cancer risk and HRT use has dropped as a result.

HORMONE THERAPY DRUGS

Hormone Blocking Agents that interfere with hormone production or action to kill
cancer cells or slow their growth.

LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS

A new class of drugs for the treatment of asthma. Leukotrienes are chemical
compounds released in the body during an inflammatory process, which cause the
airways to narrow. The drug blocks the production or the action of leukotrienes.

MAO INHIBITORS

Antidepressants often used to treat major depression in patients who do not
respond to other medications. They are also used to treat bipolar disorder and
panic disorder. Examples include phenelzine, tranylcypromine and isocarboxazid.

MOOD STABILIZERS

Medicines of various other drug classes that are effective at treating
fluctuations of mood regardless of the cause of that fluctuation. They may be
used to treat mania, bipolar disorder and other mood disorders.

MORNING AFTER PILL

An oral pill that usually, but not always, prevents pregnancy after unprotected
sexual intercourse. Most effective when taken within 24 hours of intercourse,
but may work for up to 72 hours.

MUSCLE RELAXANTS

Medications that cause skeletal muscle contraction to cease. They may be used to
treat certain dental illnesses, such as TMJ disorders.

NSAIDS

An NSAID works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, an enzyme responsible for making
prostaglandins which are mediators of inflammation. It has anti-inflammatory,
fever-reducing, and pain-relieving properties. They are used to treat pain,
fever, headaches, cramps, etc.

PROKINETICS

Medications that act on the muscles in the gastrointestinal tract to help move
food through the digestive system.

PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

Medicines that reduce the amount of acid in the stomach by inhibiting its
production.

PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATIONS

Many mental health disorders can be treated with medications. There are many
such drugs available, including antidepressants, antipsychotics and anxiolytics.

RETINOIDS

Substances chemically related to vitamin A. The term is also used to describe
medicines containing these substances used in the prevention and treatment of
various skin problems, including severe acne and psoriasis.

SEIZURE MEDICATIONS

Drugs that prevent, reduce or stop convulsions or seizures. They are sometimes
used to treat other conditions, such as depression.

SSRI MEDICATIONS

Newer antidepressants that appear to block reabsorption of serotonin by certain
brain nerve cells, thus enhancing neurotransmission and improving mood.

STATINS

A type of medicines used in the treatment of high blood lipids levels (e.g.,
cholesterol and triglycerides). Statins block the production of specific enzymes
used by the body to make cholesterol.

THYROID MEDICATIONS

Various medications, including synthetic hormones and radioactive iodine, may be
used to restore blood levels of thyroid hormone to normal.

TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Medications used to treat depression. In some cases, they also are used to treat
obsessive-compulsive disorders or bedwetting in children. These drugs are used
less commonly since the advent of SSRIs.

NMIHI

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