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NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN THE WHO AFRICAN REGION: RISK FACTORS, MORTALITY,
AND RESPONSES

28 Pages Posted: 7 Jul 2024

See all articles by Abbie Barry


ABBIE BARRY

World Health Organization (WHO)


CAITLIN WOLFE

World Health Organization (WHO)


ADRIANA CAMPOS

World Health Organization (WHO)


NICOLA CAREY RICHARDS

World Health Organization (WHO)


AKPAKA KALU

World Health Organization (WHO)


CHEICK BADY DIALLO

World Health Organization (WHO)


PREBO BARANGO

World Health Organization (WHO)


BRIDGET FARHAM

World Health Organization (WHO)


BENIDO MPOUMA

World Health Organization (WHO)

More...


ABSTRACT

Background: Historically overshadowed by communicable diseases, the burden of
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has surged over the past two decades, posing a
significant threat to public health, and necessitating urgent attention. This
study examines the mortality burden of NCDs, prevalence of NCD associated risk
factors, and response in the 47 countries in WHO African region.

Methods: Data was obtained from the WHO NCD data portal, Global Health
Observatory, and Global Health Estimates (NCD estimates).

Findings: Over the last two decades (2000-2019) NCD-related deaths and the
percentage of deaths due to NCDs has increased. The age standardized NCD
mortality rate decreased during the same period but remains consistently higher
than the global average. In 2019, 64% of NCD deaths were among people 70 years
or younger and the percentage of premature deaths from NCDs ranged from 36.5% to
72.1%. Despite the burden of NCDs, the availability of essential medicines and
health services were sub-optimal in public health facilities. The prevalence of
key risk factors such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, overweight, and
alcohol consumption per capita varied by sex and across the region. Public
health responses to NCDs, including setting national targets, availability of
mortality data, risk factor reduction measures, and surveillance, were generally
inadequate.

Interpretation: Though the NCD age standardized mortality rate has decreased,
there has been an increase in NCD-related deaths and the percentage of deaths
due to NCDs over the last two decades in the WHO African Region. The mortality
burden of NCDs and prevalence of risk factors remains high, while the public
health response is sub-optimal. To reach the 2030 SDG targets, countries in the
African region must strengthen their actions to implement WHO best buys with
support from multilateral, bilateral and implementing partners for NCD
prevention, early diagnosis and management.FundingNo funding was provided for
this study.

Funding: No funding was provided for this study.

Declaration of Interest: We declare no competing interests.



Keywords: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs),
Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRDs), Diabetes, Obesity, Hypertension,
Behavioural risk factors, Sub-Saharan Africa, Control, Trends



Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Barry, Abbie and Wolfe, Caitlin and Campos, Adriana and Richards, Nicola Carey
and Kalu, Akpaka and Diallo, Cheick Bady and Barango, Prebo and Farham, Bridget
and Mpouma, Benido, Non-Communicable Diseases in the WHO African Region: Risk
Factors, Mortality, and Responses. Available at SSRN:
https://ssrn.com/abstract=4885132 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4885132


ABBIE BARRY (CONTACT AUTHOR)

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


CAITLIN WOLFE

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


ADRIANA CAMPOS

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


NICOLA CAREY RICHARDS

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


AKPAKA KALU

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


CHEICK BADY DIALLO

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


PREBO BARANGO

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


BRIDGET FARHAM

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )


BENIDO MPOUMA

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) ( EMAIL )

20 Avenue Appia
Geneva 27, CH-1211
Switzerland



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27 REFERENCES

 1. Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases in Africa in 2021/22 Posted:
    2023-11-07
    
 2. :~:text=These%20five%20main%20NCDs%20are Posted: 2023-11-07
    
 3. Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable
    diseases Posted: 2013
    
 4. Global health estimates: Leading causes of death -Cause-specific mortality ,
    p. 2000 - 2019 Posted: 2023-11-09
    

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