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IPFS Docs
Get Started
Concepts
Guides
Reference
Project
Case Studies Case Studies
 * Arbol
 * Audius
 * Fleek
 * LikeCoin
 * Morpheus.Network
 * Snapshot


Get Started
Concepts
Guides
Reference
Project
Case Studies Case Studies
 * Arbol
 * Audius
 * Fleek
 * LikeCoin
 * Morpheus.Network
 * Snapshot

 * Basics
   
    * What is IPFS?
    * IPFS and the problems it solves
    * How IPFS works

 * Ideas and theory

 * Subsystems and components

 * Implementations

 * Compute-over-Data (CoD)
 * IPFS comparisons
 * Public IPFS Utilities
   * Public IPFS Gateways
   * Other Public Gateways
   * Delegated Routing
   * Amino DHT Bootstrappers
   * Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
 * Usage ideas and examples
 * Measuring the network
 * FAQ
 * Glossary
 * Academic Papers


# PUBLIC IPFS UTILITIES

The IPFS Foundation (and Protocol Labs in the past) and several other
organizations provide hosted public utilities to the community on a best-effort
basis. As such, it is not intended to be part of your critical path or
production infrastructure.

These include IPFS Gateways, hosted Delegated Routing V1 endpoints, and the
Amino DHT Bootstrappers.

These utilities make it easier to retrieve data from the IPFS network in
resource-constrained environments such as browsers and low-powered devices.


# PUBLIC IPFS GATEWAYS

The IPFS Foundation provides the following public gateways:

 * https://ipfs.io: Path resolution (opens new window) gateway
 * https://dweb.link: Subdomain resolution (opens new window) gateway
 * https://trustless-gateway.link: Gateway limited to trustless and verifiable
   responses (opens new window)

These gateways block abusive content using the Bad Bits Denylist (opens new
window).

To report abusive content and content breaches of the IPFS Community Code of
Conduct (opens new window), please send an email with the CIDs to abuse@ipfs.io.

Technical operations are run by the Waterworks Community on behalf of the IPFS
Foundation. To report any technical problems with these gateways, you can open
an issue in the Waterworks Community repository (opens new window).


# ABUSE POLICY

When a takedown request for the ipfs.io and/or dweb.link gateway(s) is first
received at abuse@ipfs.io, the sender will receive an automated system receipt.
Next, someone from the takedown team will vet the request to validate that it is
legitimate and should be accepted. Once the validity of the request has been
established, it will be submitted for further processing.

From there, an internal system extracts the relevant information from the
request and generates an entry for it in our takedown lists. The list is then
published to our gateway nodes, and the content in question will return a 410
status when visited.

Your browser may have a local cache of the content in question and might not
reflect that something has been blocked on the gateways. To avoid browser
caching, attempt to view the content using your browser's incognito or private
mode. You can also prevent caching issues by using a command-line tool such as
Curl or Wget.


# OTHER PUBLIC GATEWAYS

Additionally, there's a community-maintained tool for finding and testing public
gateways (opens new window) such as the one operated by Cloudflare:
https://cf-ipfs.com.


# DELEGATED ROUTING

While IPFS Gateways are immensely helpful in doing all the heavy lifting of
finding providers for CIDs and retrieving them, they can be a choke point for
retrieval and a point of centralization.

Delegated Routing endpoints are a key step towards eliminating the emergent
centralization of public gateways thereby increasing the health of the network.

Browsers and low-powered devices can make a single HTTP call to a Delegated
Routing endpoint with the CID they are looking to retrieve. The endpoint returns
the multiaddresses of the providers for the CID, from which the browser can
download directly.


# DELEGATED ROUTING ENDPOINT

The IPFS Foundation provides a public delegated routing endpoint backed by
someguy (opens new window) with the URL https://delegated-ipfs.dev/routing/v1

Under the hood, someguy handles requests by looking up the DHT and Network
Indexer.

This endpoint can also be useful for debugging discoverability of CIDs, for
example:
https://delegated-ipfs.dev/routing/v1/providers/bafybeicklkqcnlvtiscr2hzkubjwnwjinvskffn4xorqeduft3wq7vm5u4
(opens new window) will show the providers for the CID
bafybeicklkqcnlvtiscr2hzkubjwnwjinvskffn4xorqeduft3wq7vm5u4.


# AMINO DHT BOOTSTRAPPERS

For an IPFS node to join the Amino DHT, it needs to discover other peers.
Bootstrap nodes assist with this process.

The IPFS Foundation provides several public bootstrap nodes that are published
as a TXT record to DNS at _dnsaddr.bootstrap.libp2p.io:

 * /dnsaddr/sg1.bootstrap.libp2p.io/p2p/QmcZf59bWwK5XFi76CZX8cbJ4BhTzzA3gU1ZjYZcYW3dwt
 * /dnsaddr/sv15.bootstrap.libp2p.io/p2p/QmNnooDu7bfjPFoTZYxMNLWUQJyrVwtbZg5gBMjTezGAJN
 * /dnsaddr/am6.bootstrap.libp2p.io/p2p/QmbLHAnMoJPWSCR5Zhtx6BHJX9KiKNN6tpvbUcqanj75Nb
 * /dnsaddr/ny5.bootstrap.libp2p.io/p2p/QmQCU2EcMqAqQPR2i9bChDtGNJchTbq5TbXJJ16u19uLTa

> Note: You can query DNS for the specific records with the following command:
> dig +short TXT _dnsaddr.bootstrap.libp2p.io


# FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQS)


# HOW IS THE IPFS.IO GATEWAY DIFFERENT FROM OTHER GATEWAYS?

The ipfs.io gateway is a gateway run by The IPFS Foundation. Many other entities
run their own gateways with different policies around throttling and access,
which may be subject to other local laws and regulations. A list of public
gateways is available here (opens new window).

The IPFS Foundation does not store or host the data that is viewable through the
ipfs.io gateway. Rather, the ipfs.io gateway allows users to view content hosted
by third parties. The IPFS Foundation does not have any control over the data
that is viewed through the ipfs.io gateway, nor does the IPFS Foundation have
control over other gateways.


# IS THE IPFS.IO GATEWAY A DATA STORAGE HOST?

No. The ipfs.io gateway is a passthrough portal to data hosted by third parties
on nodes in the IPFS network. It is not a data storage host.


# CAN WEBSITES RELY ON THE IPFS.IO GATEWAY FOR HOSTING?

No. Websites should not rely on the ipfs.io gateway for hosting of any kind. The
ipfs.io gateway is a community resource run by the IPFS Foundation to help
developers build on IPFS. Users of the ipfs.io gateway must use resources
sparingly. The IPFS Foundation will throttle or ban users who overuse or misuse
community resources, including relying on the ipfs.io gateway for website
hosting or violating the Community Code of Conduct.


# HOW DOES THE IPFS.IO GATEWAY HANDLE GLOBAL DATA REGULATIONS?

The IPFS Foundation complies with the laws and regulations of relevant
jurisdictions.

As explained above, the ipfs.io gateway is not a website hosting provider or
data storage provider, and the IPFS Foundation cannot remove material from the
Internet that is accessible through the ipfs.io gateway.


# WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONTENT THAT IS VIEWED THROUGH THE IPFS.IO GATEWAY?

Users of the ipfs.io gateway are required to comply with all applicable laws and
regulations while using the ipfs.io gateway.

The ipfs.io gateway is not a data storage provider or website host. The ipfs.io
gateway allows users to view content hosted by third parties over which the IPFS
Foundation exercises no control. The fact that certain content is viewable
through the ipfs.io gateway does not mean it is hosted by the ipfs.io gateway or
that the IPFS Foundation can do anything to delete that content.

As explained above, the ipfs.io gateway is not a website hosting provider or
data storage provider, and the IPFS Foundation cannot remove material from the
Internet that is accessible through the ipfs.io gateway. If you believe that
material accessible through the ipfs.io gateway is illegal or violates your
copyright, you are encouraged to directly notify whoever is hosting or controls
that data.

While the ipfs.io gateway does not serve as a host for data or websites, in
appropriate circumstances, the IPFS Foundation can disable the ability to view
certain content via the ipfs.io gateway. This does not mean that the data itself
has been taken down from the network but rather that the content is not viewable
using the ipfs.io gateway. This also will not impact the availability of the
data through other gateways run by other parties.


# CAN THE IPFS FOUNDATION TAKE DOWN CONTENT VIEWABLE THROUGH THE IPFS.IO
GATEWAY?

No. The ipfs.io gateway is one of many portals used to view content stored by
third parties on the Internet. The IPFS Foundation is not hosting that content
and cannot take it down, but it can block the ability of users to view that
content via the ipfs.io gateway in appropriate circumstances.


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