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ISSN: 1449-1907International Journal of Medical Sciences
 
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Int J Med Sci 2007; 4(1):19-27. doi:10.7150/ijms.4.19 This issue Cite

Research Paper


STRENGTH TRAINING IMPROVES MUSCLE QUALITY AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN HISPANIC
OLDER ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Naomi Brooks1, Jennifer E. Layne1, Patricia L. Gordon1 3, Ronenn Roubenoff1 2,
Miriam E. Nelson1 2 4, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa1 2

1. Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University,
Boston MA, USA.
2. The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston
MA, USA.
3. Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco,
CA, USA.
4. John Hancock Center for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Tufts University,
Boston, MA, USA


Citation:

Brooks N, Layne JE, Gordon PL, Roubenoff R, Nelson ME, Castaneda-Sceppa C.
Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic
older adults with type 2 diabetes. Int J Med Sci 2007; 4(1):19-27.
doi:10.7150/ijms.4.19. https://www.medsci.org/v04p0019.htm
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ABSTRACT

Hispanics are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to their high
prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control. Strength training is the most
effective lifestyle intervention to increase muscle mass but limited data is
available in older adults with diabetes. We determined the influence of strength
training on muscle quality (strength per unit of muscle mass), skeletal muscle
fiber hypertrophy, and metabolic control including insulin resistance
(Homeostasis Model Assessment –HOMA-IR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), adiponectin
and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) levels in Hispanic older adults. Sixty-two
community-dwelling Hispanics (>55 y) with type 2 diabetes were randomized to 16
weeks of strength training plus standard care (ST group) or standard care alone
(CON group). Skeletal muscle biopsies and biochemical measures were taken at
baseline and 16 weeks. The ST group show improved muscle quality (mean±SE: 28±3)
vs CON (-4±2, p<0.001) and increased type I (860±252µm2) and type II fiber
cross-sectional area (720±285µm2) compared to CON (type I: -164±290µm2, p=0.04;
and type II: -130±336µm2, p=0.04). This was accompanied by reduced insulin
resistance [ST: median (interquartile range) -0.7(3.6) vs CON: 0.8(3.8),
p=0.05]; FFA (ST: -84±30µmol/L vs CON: 149±48µmol/L, p=0.02); and CRP [ST:
-1.3(2.9)mg/L vs CON: 0.4(2.3)mg/L, p=0.05]. Serum adiponectin increased with ST
[1.0(1.8)µg/mL] compared to CON [-1.2(2.2)µg/mL, p<0.001]. Strength training
improved muscle quality and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Decreased
inflammation and increased adiponectin levels were related with improved
metabolic control. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms
associated with these findings. However, these data show that strength training
is an exercise modality to consider as an adjunct of standard of care in high
risk populations with type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: diabetes, strength training, Hispanic, skeletal muscle, insulin
sensitivity

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CITATION STYLES

APA Copy

Brooks, N., Layne, J.E., Gordon, P.L., Roubenoff, R., Nelson, M.E.,
Castaneda-Sceppa, C. (2007). Strength training improves muscle quality and
insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes. International
Journal of Medical Sciences, 4(1), 19-27. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.4.19.

ACS Copy

Brooks, N.; Layne, J.E.; Gordon, P.L.; Roubenoff, R.; Nelson, M.E.;
Castaneda-Sceppa, C. Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin
sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Med. Sci.
2007, 4 (1), 19-27. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.4.19.

NLM Copy

Brooks N, Layne JE, Gordon PL, Roubenoff R, Nelson ME, Castaneda-Sceppa C.
Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic
older adults with type 2 diabetes. Int J Med Sci 2007; 4(1):19-27.
doi:10.7150/ijms.4.19. https://www.medsci.org/v04p0019.htm

CSE Copy

Brooks N, Layne JE, Gordon PL, Roubenoff R, Nelson ME, Castaneda-Sceppa C. 2007.
Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic
older adults with type 2 diabetes. Int J Med Sci. 4(1):19-27.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) License. See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full
terms and conditions.


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