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Submission Tags: falconsandbox
Submission: On November 19 via api from US — Scanned from DE
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Weather Prediction Center (WPC) Home Page WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION NCEP: AWC · CPC · EMC · NCO · NHC · OPC · SPC · SWPC · WPC * Home * Forecasts & Analyses ▼ * Daily Weather Map * Day ½–2½ * Day 3–7 CONUS * Day 3–7 Hazards * Day 4–8 Alaska * Excessive Rainfall * Flood Outlook * GIS Products * Heat Index * Mesoscale Precip Discussion * National Forecast Charts * National High & Low * PQPF * QPF * Storm Summaries * Surface Analysis * Tropical Products * Winter Weather * WPC Discussions * Archives ▼ * Daily Weather Maps * Day 3-7 * Excessive Rainfall Outlooks * Excessive Rainfall Outlook Climatology * Mesoscale Precip Discussions * National Forecast Charts * National High & Low * QPF * Storm Summaries * Surface Analysis * Tropical Advisories * Winter Weather * WPC Archive Page * Verification ▼ * Day 3–7 * Event Reviews * Model Diagnostics * QPF * Winter Weather * International ▼ * Desks * GDI * Desk Forecasting Tools * Puerto Rico QPF * Development ▼ * HydroMet Testbed * Training * Publications * About ▼ * About the WPC * FAQ * History * Mission&Vision * Product Description * Staff * Student Opportunities * Search Search For NWS All NOAA Hazard Nov 19Nov 20Nov 21 Excessive Rainfall SlightModerateHigh Heavy Snow (≥ 4”)HighHighHigh Ice (≥ 0.25”)No AreaNo AreaNo Area WPC's Medium Range Hazards Forecast Winter Storm Severity Index Experimental HeatRisk * Overview * Surface Analysis * Fronts * QPF * Excessive Rain * Winter Wx * Day 3–7 * Forecast Tools National Forecast Chart Valid Tue Nov 19, 2024 Valid Wed Nov 20, 2024 Valid Thu Nov 21, 2024 * Day 1 * Day 2 * Day 3 Image Format: English (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) Español (PDF) (PDF) (PDF) Interactive Map » Interactive National Forecast Chart + Additional Links * » Description of the National Forecast Chart * » Product Archives * » Download hazards in KML or shapefile format or GeoJSON format WPC Top Stories: Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion #1158 is currently in effect Day 2 Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall is in effect Latest Key Messages for Nov. 19-22 Atmospheric River Explore WPC's experimental Probabilistic Precipitation Portal North American Surface Analysis Legacy Page: Analyzed at 12Z Mon Nov 18, 2024 Analyzed at 15Z Mon Nov 18, 2024 Analyzed at 18Z Mon Nov 18, 2024 Analyzed at 21Z Mon Nov 18, 2024 Analyzed at 00Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Analyzed at 03Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Analyzed at 06Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Analyzed at 09Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Analyzed at 12Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 * -24 hr * -21 hr * -18 hr * -15 hr * -12 hr * -9 hr * -6 hr * -3 hr * latest Image Format: Standard Satellite Composite Radar Composite Black and White Fronts Only Interactive Map » Interactive Surface Map » NWS Unified Surface Analysis + Additional Links * » Product Archives * » NWS Unified Surface Analysis Manual * » Other Surface Analysis Products Surface Fronts and Sea-Level Pressures Legacy Page: Analyzed 12Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Valid 18Z Tue Nov 19, 2024 Valid 00Z Wed Nov 20, 2024 Valid 06Z Wed Nov 20, 2024 Valid 12Z Wed Nov 20, 2024 Valid 00Z Thu Nov 21, 2024 Valid 12Z Thu Nov 21, 2024 Valid 12Z Fri Nov 22, 2024 Valid 12Z Sat Nov 23, 2024 Valid 12Z Sun Nov 24, 2024 Valid 12Z Mon Nov 25, 2024 Valid 12Z Tue Nov 26, 2024 * 12ZTue * 18ZTue * 00ZWed * 06ZWed * 12ZWed * 00ZThu * 12ZThu * 12ZFri * 12ZSat * 12ZSun * 12ZMon * 12ZTue + Short Range Forecast Discussion (Day ½-2½) Short Range Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 301 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Valid 12Z Tue Nov 19 2024 - 12Z Thu Nov 21 2024 ...Powerful Pacific low pressure system to produce significant high wind impacts and heavy mountain snow across the Northwest, while a strong atmospheric river takes aim at northern California by Wednesday... ...Potent storm system over the northern Plains to produce gusty winds and locally heavy snow throughout the region before a redeveloping area of low pressure brings unsettled weather to the Great Lakes, central Appalachians, and Northeast from midweek onward... ...Heavy rain and flash flooding potential continues throughout portions of the central and eastern Gulf Coast today... No shortage of active weather across the Nation this week as two separate strong low pressure systems produce hazardous conditions in the form of high winds, heavy rain, and snowfall. Starting with the Pacific Northwest, a rapidly strengthening and extremely powerful low pressure system forecast to pass roughly 300 miles west of the Olympic Peninsula tonight is anticipated to begin impacting the region today. Damaging winds with gusts up to 70 mph are possible across northern California, as well as parts of Oregon and Washington, with the highest winds expected along the coast and high terrain. These winds are likely to produce numerous power outages and tree damage in the most impacted regions. When combined with heavy snowfall at the higher elevations, blizzard conditions are in the forecast throughout the Washington Cascades. As an associated frontal boundary slides southeastward and stalls near northern California on Wednesday, a deep and continuous plume of anomalous atmospheric moisture content will flow into the Redwood Coast of California and northern mountain ranges of the Golden State. Heavy rain and rising snow levels will increase the threat of numerous floods and potential mudslides, exacerbated by the duration of heavy rainfall through the end of the week. In fact, WPC has issued a High Risk (level 4/4) of Excessive Rainfall across parts of northwest California on Thursday in order to further highlight this flooding threat. Residents and visitors throughout the Northwest are urged to have multiple ways to receive warnings, listen to advice from local officials, and avoid traveling through hazardous weather conditions if possible. In the north-central U.S. another potent low pressure system is lifting northward and producing unsettled weather of its own across the Upper Midwest and northern Plains today. A tight pressure gradient being produced by the storm is forecast to create strong winds across much of Nebraska, eastern Montana, and the Dakotas through Wednesday with maximum wind gusts up to 65 mph possible. Strong winds may also overlap with moderate to locally heavy snow throughout North Dakota and northwest Minnesota as the storm system stalls tonight over south-central Canada. Probabilities for at least 6 inches of total snowfall are high (>70%) across northern North Dakota. Meanwhile, scattered showers are forecast to spread eastward into the Midwest, Great Lakes, and eventually the Mid-Atlantic ahead of an advancing cold front today. By Wednesday night, a redeveloping low pressure system rapidly strengthening over the Great Lakes will help produce another round of precipitation over the Great Lakes, central Appalachians and Northeast through the end of the week. The greatest impacts from this precipitation is expected throughout the higher elevations of West Virginia and western Maryland, where up to a foot of snowfall is possible through Friday. Elsewhere, heavy rain and a risk for scattered flash floods remains a concern across the central and eastern Gulf Coast as a cold front, weak area of low pressure, and ample atmospheric moisture content spark numerous showers and thunderstorms capable of containing intense rainfall rates through tonight. The greatest risk for flash flooding specifically exists from far eastern Louisiana to the western Florida Panhandle, with urban and poor drainage regions most susceptible to rapid water rises. Temperatures will be on a roller coaster ride this week as well above average temperatures are found in the East before an advancing cold front knocks readings down below average by Thursday. Meanwhile, cooler temperatures over much of the West are forecast to return to near normal as upper ridging builds into place. Snell Graphics available at https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/basicwx/basicwx_ndfd.php + Medium Range Forecast Discussion (Day 3-7) Extended Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 158 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Valid 12Z Fri Nov 22 2024 - 12Z Tue Nov 26 2024 ***Strong, long-duration atmospheric river will take aim at northern California/southwestern Oregon through late week*** ...General Overview... A long duration atmospheric river is forecast to affect the West Coast into later this week as upper and surface lows/frontal systems direct a strong moisture plume into northern California and southwestern Oregon, where several inches of rain are likely to cause river rising and some flooding concerns. Meanwhile a deep upper low will drift slowly from the Great Lakes to the Northeast U.S., leading to cooler temperatures and a cold rain/higher elevation snow for those regions. In between, an upper ridge is likely to traverse the interior West and central U.S. before the upper pattern becomes a bit more zonal into early next week. ...Guidance/Predictability Assessment... The models have come into good agreement with the large upper low and surface low pressure system across the Eastern U.S. late in the week, and a general deterministic model compromise works well as a starting point in the forecast process. The guidance has also improved with the expected quasi-zonal flow evolution across much of the central U.S., and are showing more signs of a deepening trough over the Rockies by early next week, which could herald the arrival of an arctic airmass over the far northern Plains. The ensemble means were gradually increased to about half by next Tuesday amid growing model differences at the mesoscale level, while still maintaining some of the deterministic GFS and ECMWF solutions. ...Weather/Hazards Highlights... Confidence is high for a prolonged atmospheric river extending into Friday across portions of northwestern California and into southwestern Oregon. Enhanced moisture flux ahead of a slow moving cold front will result in enhanced orographic lift and likely produce some additional 2 to 4 inch rainfall totals by early Saturday. A Slight Risk area is in place for Day 4 across these areas, including the coastal ranges/northern Sierra and extending to the coast. There will likely be some abatement going into Saturday with the front slowly making its way inland across the region. Snow levels will initially be high, but should fall going into the weekend, including much of the Sierra range where heavy snow is becoming more likely. However, there is a Marginal Risk area for the lower elevations of the western Sierra where upslope flow may result in some rainfall totals of 1-2 inches on Day 5. Impactful weather is also expected for the Northeast U.S. to close out the work week. This will be the result of a large upper low positioned over the region, in combination with a potentially sub-990 mb surface low over New England. Cold air aloft will be sufficient to support some accumulating early season snow for the higher terrain near the Great Lakes and interior Northeast, and especially for the central Appalachians where some totals in excess of six inches are expected. There will also be some lake effect rain and snow in the wake of this storm system. The strong surface low will result in windy conditions and periods of heavy rain for much of New England through Friday afternoon. Temperatures will turn noticeably colder across the Eastern U.S. in the wake of a strong cold front and the upper low moving in overhead by Thursday, with highs expected to be about 5 to 15 degrees below average to close out the work week. Given widespread cloud cover, overnight lows will be closer to average with less of a diurnal range for many areas. A warming trend is forecast across the Southern Plains going into the weekend as an upper level ridge builds in and warmer flow from the Gulf of Mexico, with highs reaching into the 80s for the southern half of Texas. Signs of an arctic airmass may start to be noticed for parts of Montana and North Dakota by next Monday, with overnight lows dropping into the 0s and low 10s. Even colder weather may arrive in time for Thanksgiving for those areas. Hamrick Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC medium range hazards outlook chart at: https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids, quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from: https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4 https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw + Hawaii Forecast Discussion (Day 1-7) Hawaii Extended Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 238 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Valid 00Z Wed Nov 20 2024 - 00Z Wed Nov 27 2024 Surface high pressure situated northeast of the state is expected to weaken my midweek as a relatively strong cold front settles in near 30 degrees north. A weaker pressure gradient will become established across the Islands by the end of the week with the cold front lurking north of the state. Trade wind flow should abate compared to the ongoing windy conditions based on the latest model guidance. By the weekend, the ensemble means are picking up on a surface low developing near 35 degrees north, with the GEFS mean slightly north of the EC mean. It currently looks like the majority of the heavier rainfall from the front and the surface low should remain well to the north of the Islands. Hamrick + Additional Links * » More Surface Analysis Products * » More Short Range Products * » More Medium Range Products Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts Legacy Page: Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/20/2024 Valid 12Z 11/20/2024 - 12Z 11/21/2024 Valid 12Z 11/21/2024 - 12Z 11/22/2024 Valid 12Z 11/22/2024 - 12Z 11/23/2024 Valid 12Z 11/23/2024 - 12Z 11/24/2024 Valid 12Z 11/24/2024 - 12Z 11/25/2024 Valid 12Z 11/25/2024 - 12Z 11/26/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/21/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/22/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/24/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/26/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 00Z 11/20/2024 Valid 18Z 11/19/2024 - 06Z 11/20/2024 Valid 00Z 11/20/2024 - 12Z 11/20/2024 Valid 06Z 11/20/2024 - 18Z 11/20/2024 Valid 12Z 11/20/2024 - 00Z 11/21/2024 Valid 18Z 11/20/2024 - 06Z 11/21/2024 Valid 00Z 11/21/2024 - 12Z 11/21/2024 Valid 06Z 11/21/2024 - 18Z 11/21/2024 Valid 12Z 11/21/2024 - 00Z 11/22/2024 Valid 18Z 11/21/2024 - 06Z 11/22/2024 Valid 00Z 11/22/2024 - 12Z 11/22/2024 Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 18Z 11/19/2024 Valid 18Z 11/19/2024 - 00Z 11/20/2024 Valid 00Z 11/20/2024 - 06Z 11/20/2024 Valid 06Z 11/20/2024 - 12Z 11/20/2024 Valid 12Z 11/20/2024 - 18Z 11/20/2024 Valid 18Z 11/20/2024 - 00Z 11/21/2024 Valid 00Z 11/21/2024 - 06Z 11/21/2024 Valid 06Z 11/21/2024 - 12Z 11/21/2024 Valid 12Z 11/21/2024 - 18Z 11/21/2024 Valid 18Z 11/21/2024 - 00Z 11/22/2024 Valid 00Z 11/22/2024 - 06Z 11/22/2024 Valid 06Z 11/22/2024 - 12Z 11/22/2024 Valid 12Z 11/22/2024 - 12Z 11/24/2024 Valid 12Z 11/24/2024 - 12Z 11/26/2024 * Day 1 * Day 2 * Day 3 * Day 4 * Day 5 * Day 6 * Day 7 * Total: Day 1-2 * Day 1-3 * Day 1-5 * Day 1-7 * 12-00Z * 18-06Z * 00-12Z * 06-18Z * 12-00Z * 18-06Z * 00-12Z * 06-18Z * 12-00Z * 18-06Z * 00-12Z * 12-18Z * 18-00Z * 00-06Z * 06-12Z * 12-18Z * 18-00Z * 00-06Z * 06-12Z * 12-18Z * 18-00Z * 00-06Z * 06-12Z * Day 4/5 * Day 6/7 Image Options: 24 Hour/Multi Day QPF 12-Hourly QPF (Day 1-3) 6-Hourly QPF (Day 1-3) 48-Hour QPF (Day 4-5/6-7) » Probabilistic QPF (Day 1-3) » Extreme Precipitation Monitor » View Probabilistic Precipitation Guidance (Day 1-3) » Extreme Precipitation Monitor + Additional Links * » Product Verification * » Product Archive * » Product Info * » Additional formats of QPF: GRIB 2 | Shapefiles | KML * » Other QPF Products Excessive Rainfall Forecasts Interactive Page: Valid 12Z Tue Nov 19 2024 - 12Z Wed Nov 20 2024 Valid 12Z Wed Nov 20 2024 - 12Z Thu Nov 21 2024 Valid 12Z Thu Nov 21 2024 - 12Z Fri Nov 22 2024 Valid 12Z Fri Nov 22 2024 - 12Z Sat Nov 23 2024 Valid 12Z Sat Nov 23 2024 - 12Z Sun Nov 24 2024 * Day 1 * Day 2 * Day 3 * Day 4 * Day 5 Interactive Page + Forecast Discussion Excessive Rainfall Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 328 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Day 1 Valid 12Z Tue Nov 19 2024 - 12Z Wed Nov 20 2024 ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE CENTRAL GULF COAST AND FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA AND SOUTHWEST OREGON... ...Central Gulf Coast... Latest satellite imagery is showing enhancing convection to the south of southeast LA associated with the anomalous tropical moisture surge ahead of the cold front moving east across the Central Gulf Coast. Trends in the latest hi res guidance suggest this offshore enhancing convection will become the heaviest frontal/pre-frontal rains as organized convection currently along the front farther to the north begin to weaken after 1200 UTC. Hi res guidance is in fairly good agreement that the heaviest rains with the offshore enhancing convection will remain just to the south of far southern MS, far southern AL and the western FL Panhandle, but still affecting far southeast LA. HREF neighborhood probabilities show that the axis of the highest probabilities for 2 and 3"+ amounts will remain offshore with the northern edge of these higher probabilities affecting areas from far southeast LA and along the immediate far southern MS, far southern AL and western FL Panhandle. Changes to the previous outlook were to trim the northern extent of the slight risk area by approximately 20 nm and to trim the western extent of the slight risk by approximately 40nm to account for the hi res trends. At the moment, the consensus on timing of convection supports removing the New Orleans metro area from the slight risk, with the heaviest rains likely to the east and southeast prior to 1200 UTC Tuesday. ...Coastal Washington, Oregon and far northwest California... Latest models continue to be in good agreement on the rapid cyclogenesis event across the northeast Pacific off the Pacific Northwest coast, signaling the beginning of a multi day Atmospheric River event for northwest CA into far southwest OR. Anomalous low level southerly flow expected along and ahead of the associated cold front Tuesday night into early Wednesday, with 850-700 mb moisture flux anomalies of 3-4 standard deviations above the mean impacting the coastal Pac NW, south into far northwest CA coast. A well defined area of frontal precip likely to push inland across coastal Pac NW/far northwest CA after 0000 UTC Wednesday. The strong southerly low level flow will be mostly parallel to the terrain along the Pac NW coast, limiting hourly rainfall rates to .10-.25"+. Greater hourly rates likely across far southwest Oregon into coastal NW CA where a more significant upslope component to the low level flow is likely. Hi res guidance is fairly similar in showing hourly rates of .25-.50"+ in the 0600 to 1200 UTC Wednesday period across far southwest OR into far NW CA. HREF .50"/hr probabilities subsequently are high across this area, with 1"/hr probabilities much lower and primarily offshore. No changes made to the previous slight risk area, which corresponds well to the above mentioned axis of high .50"+/hr HREF neighborhood probabilities. Oravec Day 1 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/94epoints.txt Excessive Rainfall Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 328 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Day 2 Valid 12Z Wed Nov 20 2024 - 12Z Thu Nov 21 2024 ...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK FOR EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA... The multi day atmospheric river event the began late day 1 for far southwest Oregon into northwest California will continue day 2, primarily across northwest California. The rapidly deepening low over the northeast Pacific day 1 will anchor a nearly stationary upper vortex off the Pac NW coast day 2. Strong persistent deep layered west southwest flow on the south side of this vortex will impact northwest California day 2, with IVT values of 500-800 km/m-1 s-2. and 850-700 mb moisture flux anomalies of 2-4+ standard deviations above the mean. There is fairly good model agreement with heavy precip totals of 3-5" primarily over northwest California, with isolated totals of 6-8" possible. The previous moderate risk area was adjusted slightly southward by approximately 10-40 nm to account for model max axis consensus. Hourly rainfall amounts of .25-.50"+ likely through the day 2 time period across northwest CA with increasing flooding risks with time as soils become saturated and streams and river levels rise. The HREF 1 hour probabilities for .50"+ totals for the first half of day 2 when the data is available, remain high across northwest CA. Oravec Day 2 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/98epoints.txt Excessive Rainfall Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 328 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Day 3 Valid 12Z Thu Nov 21 2024 - 12Z Fri Nov 221 2024 ...THERE IS A HIGH RISK FOR EXCESSIVE RAINFALL ACROSS PORTIONS OF NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA... The deep northeast Pacific Vortex remains nearly stationary day 3 off the Pacific Northwest coast, supporting the continuation of the multi day Atmospheric River event for northwest CA into far southwest OR. Anomalous deep layered southwesterly flow will continue on the south side of this vortex. 850 to 700 mb moisture flux anomalies will continue to be 2 to 4+ standard deviations above the mean with IVT values also maintained in the 500 to 800 km/m-1 s-2 range across northwest CA into far southwest OR. There is a likelihood of very heavy rains again falling day 3 over similar regions from the day 2 period. Hourly rates of .25-.50"+ likely to continue at times supporting additional 24 hour rainfall amounts of 3 to 6 inches and isolated additional 24 hour totals of 6-8" across northwest CA into southwest OR. Storm total amounts of 12 to 16+ inches possible across portions of northwest California. Given this day 2-3 heavy rain overlap potential, a small high risk area was introduced over northwest CA, across the west central portions of the EKA's CWA. Flood risks will continue to increase day 3 along with rock and land slides as soils become saturated and streams and rivers continue to rise and overflow. There will be a northward shift back into far southwest Oregon day 3 for the heavy rain potential as the upper flow back and heights rise. The rising heights will also keep much of the day 3 precip as rain, increasing overall runoff. Oravec Day 3 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/99epoints.txt Extended Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 158 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Confidence is high for a prolonged atmospheric river extending into Friday across portions of northwestern California and into southwestern Oregon. Enhanced moisture flux ahead of a slow moving cold front will result in enhanced orographic lift and likely produce some additional 2 to 4 inch rainfall totals by early Saturday. A Slight Risk area is in place for Day 4 across these areas, including the coastal ranges/northern Sierra and extending to the coast. There will likely be some abatement going into Saturday with the front slowly making its way inland across the region. Snow levels will initially be high, but should fall going into the weekend, including much of the Sierra range where heavy snow is becoming more likely. However, there is a Marginal Risk area for the lower elevations of the western Sierra where upslope flow may result in some rainfall totals of 1-2 inches on Day 5. Impactful weather is also expected for the Northeast U.S. to close out the work week. This will be the result of a large upper low positioned over the region, in combination with a potentially sub-990 mb surface low over New England. Cold air aloft will be sufficient to support some accumulating early season snow for the higher terrain near the Great Lakes and interior Northeast, and especially for the central Appalachians where some totals in excess of six inches are expected. There will also be some lake effect rain and snow in the wake of this storm system. The strong surface low will result in windy conditions and periods of heavy rain for much of New England through Friday afternoon. Temperatures will turn noticeably colder across the Eastern U.S. in the wake of a strong cold front and the upper low moving in overhead by Thursday, with highs expected to be about 5 to 15 degrees below average to close out the work week. Given widespread cloud cover, overnight lows will be closer to average with less of a diurnal range for many areas. A warming trend is forecast across the Southern Plains going into the weekend as an upper level ridge builds in and warmer flow from the Gulf of Mexico, with highs reaching into the 80s for the southern half of Texas. Signs of an arctic airmass may start to be noticed for parts of Montana and North Dakota by next Monday, with overnight lows dropping into the 0s and low 10s. Even colder weather may arrive in time for Thanksgiving for those areas. Hamrick Extended Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 158 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Confidence is high for a prolonged atmospheric river extending into Friday across portions of northwestern California and into southwestern Oregon. Enhanced moisture flux ahead of a slow moving cold front will result in enhanced orographic lift and likely produce some additional 2 to 4 inch rainfall totals by early Saturday. A Slight Risk area is in place for Day 4 across these areas, including the coastal ranges/northern Sierra and extending to the coast. There will likely be some abatement going into Saturday with the front slowly making its way inland across the region. Snow levels will initially be high, but should fall going into the weekend, including much of the Sierra range where heavy snow is becoming more likely. However, there is a Marginal Risk area for the lower elevations of the western Sierra where upslope flow may result in some rainfall totals of 1-2 inches on Day 5. Impactful weather is also expected for the Northeast U.S. to close out the work week. This will be the result of a large upper low positioned over the region, in combination with a potentially sub-990 mb surface low over New England. Cold air aloft will be sufficient to support some accumulating early season snow for the higher terrain near the Great Lakes and interior Northeast, and especially for the central Appalachians where some totals in excess of six inches are expected. There will also be some lake effect rain and snow in the wake of this storm system. The strong surface low will result in windy conditions and periods of heavy rain for much of New England through Friday afternoon. Temperatures will turn noticeably colder across the Eastern U.S. in the wake of a strong cold front and the upper low moving in overhead by Thursday, with highs expected to be about 5 to 15 degrees below average to close out the work week. Given widespread cloud cover, overnight lows will be closer to average with less of a diurnal range for many areas. A warming trend is forecast across the Southern Plains going into the weekend as an upper level ridge builds in and warmer flow from the Gulf of Mexico, with highs reaching into the 80s for the southern half of Texas. Signs of an arctic airmass may start to be noticed for parts of Montana and North Dakota by next Monday, with overnight lows dropping into the 0s and low 10s. Even colder weather may arrive in time for Thanksgiving for those areas. Hamrick + Additional Links * » Product Info * » Understanding WPC Excessive Rainfall Risk Categories * » Excessive Rainfall Outlook Climatology Winter Weather Forecasts Legacy Page: Valid 12Z 11/19/2024 - 12Z 11/20/2024 Valid 12Z 11/20/2024 - 12Z 11/21/2024 Valid 12Z 11/21/2024 - 12Z 11/22/2024 Valid 12Z 11/22/2024 - 12Z 11/23/2024 Valid 12Z 11/23/2024 - 12Z 11/24/2024 Valid 12Z 11/24/2024 - 12Z 11/25/2024 Valid 12Z 11/25/2024 - 12Z 11/26/2024 * Day 1 * Day 2 * Day 3 * Day 4 * Day 5 * Day 6 * Day 7 * Day 1-3 Image Options: Snowfall (≥ 4”) Snowfall (≥ 8”) Snowfall (≥ 12”) Freezing Rain (≥ .25”) Composite Charts Interactive Map (Day 1-3) Interactive Map (Day 4-7) Winter Storm Severity Index Probabilistic Winter Storm Severity Index Experimental Winter Storm Outlook » Interactive Winter Weather Map (Day 1-3) » Interactive Winter Weather Map (Day 4-7) » Winter Storm Severity Index » Experimental Probabilistic Precipitation Portal + Forecast Discussion (Day 1-3) Probabilistic Heavy Snow and Icing Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 443 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Valid 12Z Tue Nov 19 2024 - 12Z Fri Nov 22 2024 ...Pacific and Interior Northwest... Days 1-3... ***Impressive and long-lasting atmospheric river event to bring heavy snow to the Northwest*** This morning, a large ridge of high pressure building over Alaska will help to force the longwave trough that has been parked off the British Columbia coast for the last 24 hours southward into the heart of the Northwest Pacific. Rounding the base of the longwave trough is a potent 500mb vort max that will phase and lead to the rapid cyclogenesis of a sub 950mb low off the Pacific Northwest coast by Tuesday afternoon. The NAEFS SAT page is littered with atmospheric parameters (wind speeds, heights, MSLP, IVT) that are approaching or reaching maximum (or minimum) climatological percentiles in the CFSR climatology. Perhaps the most notable parameters are the IVT (topping 1,000 kg/m/s at its peak off the northern California coast) and 850-700mb winds that are above the 97.5 climatological percentiles Tuesday night into Wednesday morning. This same moisture plume will spill over the West Coast mountain ranges and into the Northern Rockies These two parameters are vital in producing what should be prolific snowfall rates in the Olympics, Cascades, Siskiyou, Salmon, and Shasta Mountains Tuesday night. WPC's Snowband Probability Tracker (SPT) utilizing the HREF shows the potential for 2-3"/hr snowfall rates as the heaviest precipitation arrives Tuesday evening with some potential for localized 4"/hr rates. Snow levels will begin the forecast period quite low; only around 200 ft east of the Cascades to around 2000ft in northern CA. However, the exceptional WAA accompanying the AR will raise snow levels steadily D2 and D3, reaching as high as 4000ft in northern WA and the Northern Rockies, and to 8000ft across northern CA. Despite this rise in snow levels, hazardous snowfall impacts are likely at many passes before p-type changes over to rain in the Olympics and Cascades first (both via WAA and dry slotting aloft), then over the northern California ranges Wednesday evening. This coincides with both a thermodynamic profile that will lead to snowfall being a heavy/wet consistency that when paired with strong wind gusts will cause stress to the trees and power lines. WPC PWPF shows high chances (>70%) for snowfall totals >12 inches along the spine of the WA/OR Cascades, as well as the Blue, Sawtooth, and Bitterroots Mountains that stretch as far north as the Idaho Panhandle. In the Salmon/Siskiyou/Shasta and Olympics, WPC PWPF shows high chances (>70%) for >30" with the highest elevations seeing anywhere from 3-5 feet in some cases. The impacts will be exceptional in northern California where the WSSI shows Extreme criteria being met in portions of the Salmon/Siskiyou/Shasta. The Snow Amount and Snow Load components are the primary drivers in these impacts that are likely to include extremely dangerous to impossible driving conditions, as well as extensive closures and both tree damage and power outages. Major Impacts are highlighted along the spine of the Cascades above 5,000ft and the Olympics above 3,000ft. ...Northern Plains... Days 1-2... The much anticipated storm system responsible for today's winter storm across puritans of the Northern Plains is tracking north through the Upper Midwest this morning with a comma-head shaped precipitation shield wrapping around the northern and western flanks of the storm. As the morning unfolds, temperatures will continue to fall across North Dakota and allow for lingering areas of rain to changeover to snow later this morning. The heaviest period of snow arrives this afternoon and into tonight as the TROWAL on the backside of the storm pivots through with a deformation axis capable of generating 1-2"/hr snowfall rates across north-central North Dakota. On top of the heavy snowfall rates, whipping wind gusts topping 40 mph in many cases means significant visibility reductions that will lead to whiteout conditions Tuesday evening. As a complex 500mb evolution unfolds over Minnesota Tuesday night and into Wednesday morning, an enormous upper level low gyre will still have a saturated ribbon of 700-300mb moisture over the Northern Plains that will spill east over the Red River of the North and as far south as northeast South Dakota. WPC PWPF does show low-to-moderate chances (30-50%) for snowfall totals >6" east of the Red River in northwest Minnesota and in northeast South Dakota. Periods of snow will persist throughout the day on Wednesday but coverage and intensity will gradually dissipate throughout the day until the snow finally comes to an end overnight Wednesday. When all is said and done, portions of north-central North Dakota are likely looking at 6-12" of snowfall with the heaviest amounts likely to occur closest to the north-central North Dakota/Canada border. The latest WSSI shows a fairly large footprint for Moderate impacts over most of central North Dakota and northeast South Dakota, which suggests there are likely to be some disruptions to daily life such as hazardous driving conditions and potential closures. Minor Impacts are most commonly seen as far west as eastern Montana and to the east across the Red River of the North. ...Northern & Central Appalachians... Day 3... The aforementioned bowling ball of a 500mb closed low over the Midwest on Wednesday will aid in the development of a new wave of low pressure tracking over the northern Great Lakes Wednesday evening. A strong cold front associated with the storm will push through the Central Appalachians Wednesday night that will not only lead to much of thermal profiles in the region being sub-freezing, but a plume of 850-700mb moisture will reach the Central Appalachians by Thursday morning. With 300-700mb mean flow generally out of the west, this is a recipe for the first upslope snow event of the season for the Central Appalachians. After the first lobe of dynamical potential vorticity (PVU) swings through the Mid-Atlantic on Thursday (helping to kick-start the upslope event), the second PVU lobe will swing through Thursday night. This will reinforce the ongoing upslope flow into the Central Appalachians, and with this feature the initial low pressure system that pushed the strong cold front through Wednesday night, will introduce another surge in 850-700mb moisture over the region through Friday morning. WPC PWPF shows high chances (>70%) for snowfall >4" along the Allegheny Mountains and Laurel Highlands. In fact, for elevations >3,000ft in the Allegheny Mountains, WPC PWPF shows some moderate-to-high probabilities (50-70%) for >8" through early Friday morning with additional snowfall still to come later in the day on Friday. The latest WSSI-P shows a large swath of moderate-to-high chances (50-70%) for Minor Impacts from the Smokey's of North Carolina on north along the central Appalachians and into the Laurel Highlands through Friday morning. Farther north, similar to the original low pressure development evolution over the Great Lakes on Wednesday, another area of low pressure will form on the nose of the 2PVU rotating through the Mid-Atlantic Thursday afternoon and deepen over Long Island Thursday evening. This becomes a highly anomalous closed mid-upper level low that is placed at the divergent left-exit region of a strong 250mb jet streak over the Southeast. Geopotential heights over the Mid-Atlantic (500mb, 700mb, 850mb) are all pegged to be below the 1st climatological percentile Thursday night. As the storm deepens, strong frontogenetic forcing on the northwest flank of the 850mb low will result in a narrow deformation axis that is currently forecast to set up somewhere from northern PA on east through Upstate NY, northern NJ, and into southern New England by Friday morning. This evolution has been present on the EC-AIFS for over 24 hours. While boundary layer thermals may be questionable away from the deformation axis, this setup favors snowfall at elevations above 1,000ft in the Poconos, Catskills, Adirondacks, and Berkshires. It is worth noting that there remains some different solutions on snowfall totals and which areas see the heaviest amounts. Regardless, this would be the first accumulating snowfall of the season for these higher elevated areas. Should guidance trend toward a more robust deformation zone, some lower elevated/valley locations in the Northeast could receive measurable snowfall on Friday. At the moment, the WSSI-P shows moderate chances (40-60%) for Minor Impacts (generally hazardous driving conditions) in the Catskills, northern Poconos, and the Adirondacks through Friday morning. The probability of significant ice across the CONUS is less than 10 percent. Mullinax ...Winter Storm Key Messages are in effect. Please see current Key Messages below... https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/key_messages/LatestKeyMessage_1.png + Additional Links * » Experimental Winter Storm Outlook * » Probabilistic Winter Storm Severity Index * » Product Verification * » Product Archive * » Product Info * » Forecast Surface Low Positions: Uncertainty Circles | Ensemble Clusters * » Other Winter Weather Products Medium Range Forecasts Legacy Page: Valid 12Z Fri Nov 22, 2024 Valid 12Z Sat Nov 23, 2024 Valid 12Z Sun Nov 24, 2024 Valid 12Z Mon Nov 25, 2024 Valid 12Z Tue Nov 26, 2024 * Day 3 * Day 4 * Day 5 * Day 6 * Day 7 Image Options: Fronts Max Temp (°F) Max Temp Anomaly (°F) Min Temp (°F) Min Temp Anomaly (°F) 24-hr Pop(%) 500mb Heights Day 3-7 Hazards Additional Products + Forecast Discussion Extended Forecast Discussion NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 158 AM EST Tue Nov 19 2024 Valid 12Z Fri Nov 22 2024 - 12Z Tue Nov 26 2024 ***Strong, long-duration atmospheric river will take aim at northern California/southwestern Oregon through late week*** ...General Overview... A long duration atmospheric river is forecast to affect the West Coast into later this week as upper and surface lows/frontal systems direct a strong moisture plume into northern California and southwestern Oregon, where several inches of rain are likely to cause river rising and some flooding concerns. Meanwhile a deep upper low will drift slowly from the Great Lakes to the Northeast U.S., leading to cooler temperatures and a cold rain/higher elevation snow for those regions. In between, an upper ridge is likely to traverse the interior West and central U.S. before the upper pattern becomes a bit more zonal into early next week. ...Guidance/Predictability Assessment... The models have come into good agreement with the large upper low and surface low pressure system across the Eastern U.S. late in the week, and a general deterministic model compromise works well as a starting point in the forecast process. The guidance has also improved with the expected quasi-zonal flow evolution across much of the central U.S., and are showing more signs of a deepening trough over the Rockies by early next week, which could herald the arrival of an arctic airmass over the far northern Plains. The ensemble means were gradually increased to about half by next Tuesday amid growing model differences at the mesoscale level, while still maintaining some of the deterministic GFS and ECMWF solutions. ...Weather/Hazards Highlights... Confidence is high for a prolonged atmospheric river extending into Friday across portions of northwestern California and into southwestern Oregon. Enhanced moisture flux ahead of a slow moving cold front will result in enhanced orographic lift and likely produce some additional 2 to 4 inch rainfall totals by early Saturday. A Slight Risk area is in place for Day 4 across these areas, including the coastal ranges/northern Sierra and extending to the coast. There will likely be some abatement going into Saturday with the front slowly making its way inland across the region. Snow levels will initially be high, but should fall going into the weekend, including much of the Sierra range where heavy snow is becoming more likely. However, there is a Marginal Risk area for the lower elevations of the western Sierra where upslope flow may result in some rainfall totals of 1-2 inches on Day 5. Impactful weather is also expected for the Northeast U.S. to close out the work week. This will be the result of a large upper low positioned over the region, in combination with a potentially sub-990 mb surface low over New England. Cold air aloft will be sufficient to support some accumulating early season snow for the higher terrain near the Great Lakes and interior Northeast, and especially for the central Appalachians where some totals in excess of six inches are expected. There will also be some lake effect rain and snow in the wake of this storm system. The strong surface low will result in windy conditions and periods of heavy rain for much of New England through Friday afternoon. Temperatures will turn noticeably colder across the Eastern U.S. in the wake of a strong cold front and the upper low moving in overhead by Thursday, with highs expected to be about 5 to 15 degrees below average to close out the work week. Given widespread cloud cover, overnight lows will be closer to average with less of a diurnal range for many areas. A warming trend is forecast across the Southern Plains going into the weekend as an upper level ridge builds in and warmer flow from the Gulf of Mexico, with highs reaching into the 80s for the southern half of Texas. Signs of an arctic airmass may start to be noticed for parts of Montana and North Dakota by next Monday, with overnight lows dropping into the 0s and low 10s. Even colder weather may arrive in time for Thanksgiving for those areas. Hamrick Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC medium range hazards outlook chart at: https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids, quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from: https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4 https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw + Additional Links * » Product Archive * » Product Info * » Day 3-7 Surface Composite * » Other Medium Range Products Forecaster's Toolbox (Prototype) Tools Generated at WPC These tools are NOT operationally supported. Data may not update regularly due to workstation failure and/or data unavailability. Intense Rainfall and Flash Flood Reports Displays flood and flash flood reports as well as intense rainfall observations for user-selectable time ranges and customizable geographic regions. Includes ability to download reports and associated metadata in csv format. GEFS Probabilities Plots of GEFS probabilistic forecast of precipitation, temperature, and sea-level pressure exceeding various thresholds. Local Storm Reports Custom plots of Local Storm Reports across the Contiguous United States. Reports include rain, snow, ice, and severe weather, as well as other significant information from storm spotters. Extreme Precipitation Monitor Displays the climatological significance of precipitation forecast by WPC. The climatological significance is represented by Average Recurrence Intervals (ARIs) of precipitation estimates from NOAA Atlas-14 and Atlas2. Ensemble Situational Awareness Table An interactive situational awareness table that displays anomalies, percentiles, and return intervals from the GEFS, NAEFS, and ECMWF Ensembles (login required to view ECMWF data). *Please note that there is currently an issue where only users on a NOAA network can access this page. We are actively working to resolve this problem. NDFD Forecast Temperature Records Interactive display of where temperatures could approach or exceed records within the contiguous U.S. (based on NDFD temperature forecasts) NWS NDFD Max/Min Temperatures and Departure from Normal Displays Days 1-7 NDFD maximum and minimum temperatures, along with their respective departures from climatology. Prototype Snowband Probability Forecasts An interactive tool that depicts areas of heavy snowfall from individual members of high-resolution short range ensemble forecasts. Weather in Context Prototype Displays forecast information and its climatological context to quickly alert a forecaster when a record or neear-record breaking event is possible. This tool is available for both CONUS and Alaska. 1/3/6/24-hr Changes Change in weather parameters (temperature, dewpoint, surface pressure, etc) over the last 1/3/6/24 hours. Data is provided from the Real-Time Mesoscale Analysis (RTMA) or the Rapid Refresh (RAP). Experimental HeatRisk The experimental National Weather Service (NWS) HeatRisk is a color-numeric-based index that provides a forecast of the potential level of risk for heat-related impacts to occur over a 24-hour period, with forecasts available out through 7 days. Other Favorite Forecast Tools CIPS Guidance Analog guidance that uses an objective approach to find historical events that are similar to the upcoming forecast. National Blend of Models Nationally consistent and skillful suite of calibrated forecast guidance based on a blend of both NWS and non-NWS numerical weather prediction model data and post-processed model guidance. Atmospheric River Portal A portal for atmospheric river forecasts and diagnostics from the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes. GEFS Plumes An interactive display of time series plots from GEFS ensemble members at a point. SPC Forecast Tools A variety of useful tools generated at The Storm Prediction Center (SPC). ECMWF Forecast Charts Output from the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), including medium range deterministic, ensemble, and machine learning model forecasts. 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