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MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 2021


AS CRISIS DRAGS ON, ARE BEIJING AND NEW DELHI DIGGING IN FOR PERMANENT
MILITARISATION OF LAC? CHINESE MEDIA




AS CRISIS DRAGS ON, ARE BEIJING AND NEW DELHI DIGGING IN FOR PERMANENT
MILITARISATION OF LAC? CHINESE MEDIA
MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 2021 BY INDIAN DEFENCE NEWS


M777 Ultra-Light Howitzer guarding the borders along the LAC in Ladakh


Both militaries have been locked in a stand-off for 19 months after several
rounds of talks to resolve the border row. China and India have also scaled up
infrastructure and troops along the disputed frontier which analysts say could
be long-lasting and lead to rise in clashes



Both China and India say they want to resolve their military stand-off in the
Himalayas. But 19 months after the first showdown, are Beijing and New Delhi
digging in for what appears to be a permanent border confrontation?


This is the question analysts are asking amid a deadlock in military-level talks
after the 13th round of talks in October ended in a bitter blame game.


Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi warned against “mutual exhaustion” with
neighbouring India in a virtual meeting with New Delhi’s outgoing envoy to China
earlier this month. Both expressed hope that tensions would ease soon. But even
if progress towards a resolution is made, the hardening battle lines may remain
for good, experts say, as it will be difficult to walk back from the current
effort by both sidse to entrench themselves firmly along the Line of Actual
Control (LAC), the unmarked 3,488km border between India and China.


Both China and India say they want to resolve their military stand-off in the
Himalayas. But 19 months after the first showdown, are Beijing and New Delhi
digging in for what appears to be a permanent border confrontation?


This is the question analysts are asking amid a deadlock in military-level talks
after the 13th round of talks in October ended in a bitter blame game.


Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi warned against “mutual exhaustion” with
neighbouring India in a virtual meeting with New Delhi’s outgoing envoy to China
earlier this month. Both expressed hope that tensions would ease soon. But even
if progress towards a resolution is made, the hardening battle lines may remain
for good, experts say, as it will be difficult to walk back from the current
effort by both sides to entrench themselves firmly along the Line of Actual
Control (LAC), the unmarked 3,488km border between India and China.


Over the last year, both sides have engaged in frenetic construction of roads,
garrisons and airstrips.


Observers said the urgent airlifting of logistical winter supplies suggests both
militaries would step up troop levels throughout the year which could result in
a possible uptick in conflict between Chinese and Indian soldiers.


Last Tuesday, Eric Garcetti, the incoming US ambassador to India, said that the
South Asian nation was situated “in a tough neighbourhood”, without naming
China.


“I intend to double-down on our efforts to strengthen India’s capacity to secure
its borders and deter aggression through counterterrorism coordination,”
Garcetti told a US Senate panel during his confirmation hearing.


This is already evident. In September, The Economic Times reported that over 100
PLA soldiers had entered 5km into Indian territory and “damaged some
infrastructure, including a bridge” before returning.


In January, Indian and Chinese troops had violently clashed along the LAC in
India’s Sikkim region in which soldiers from the two sides suffered injuries.


A Shifting Conflict


Lieutenant general Rakesh Sharma (Retd) – who in 2013 served in the region as
the commander of the Indian army’s Fire and Fury Corp – believed that
disengagement talks notwithstanding, China’s troop presence in the disputed
frontier was likely to be permanent.


“The villages, the air fields, the roads and the construction of garrisons shows
one thing: China has shifted the forces in permanence so that it doesn’t have to
bother about getting troops from down in the plains any more,” Sharma said.


“In some ways, China has thrown down the gauntlet to India, saying that this
would be the template it would follow in all the territories the two have
disputes over,” he added.


Gardner, the historian, agreed that the prolonged stand-off in Ladakh could
increase such risks.


“The greater the opportunities for troop contact along a disputed border, the
greater the risk of misunderstandings and violence [even without firearms],
especially when the location of the LAC remains imprecise at a number of
segments.”


Gardner said that the “focus of the conflict” could even shift from Ladakh to
the eastern sector (along the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh) where “the
crisis has greater risks of escalation”.


Traditionally, China has also steadfastly refused to recognise Arunachal Pradesh
as a part of Indian territory. In October, Indian and Chinese soldiers were
locked in a brief face-off in Arunachal Pradesh over differences in each other’s
perception of the LAC.


The incident drew rebuke from Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian,
who called Arunachal Pradesh a state “unilaterally and illegally established by
the Indian side”.


A report by the US Department of Defence last month pointed to China’s
construction of a 100-home civilian village in “disputed territory between the
PRC’s Tibet autonomous region and India’s Arunachal Pradesh state” and called it
“a source of consternation” for New Delhi.


“Despite the ongoing diplomatic and military dialogues to reduce border
tensions, the PRC has continued taking incremental and tactical actions to press
its claims at the LAC,” the report said, referring to the People’s Republic of
China.


Beijing said the report “disregards facts and is filled with bias”.


Sharma, the retired general, said that Chinese construction of villages is only
likely to extend the conflict to newer areas.


“Through these villages, China has pushed civilian villages, without moving
forces to the border.
“With this action, it has forced Indian armed forces to deploy in forward areas,
without China having to do the same.”


In Chushul, one of the last Indian villages before the LAC, locals said the
military stand-off has hit their livelihoods. A 30-year-old, who did not want to
be named due to safety reasons, said that livestock farmers in the area were
badly affected.


Last August, the Indian army captured a series of strategically located heights
in Chushul in a covert operation. However, it left the heights as part of an
agreement with the PLA to disengage from the Pangong Tso’s northern banks.


Despite the withdrawal, the Chushul resident said that strict curbs were in
place.


“Due to security reasons, we are often not allowed to rear our livestock on some
of these heights,” he said.


“This affects us a lot because there is no vegetation in our village and the
only place our livestock can find food is on these heights.”


Local lawmaker Konchok Stanzin, who represents Chushul in the Ladakh Autonomous
Hill Development Council (LAHDC), said that the Indian authorities need to make
alternative arrangements for such farmers. In a letter to defence minister
Rajnath Singh, Stanzin argued that locals should be rehabilitated to Ladakh’s
capital Leh as the situation was “unprecedented” and “warlike”.


“Each time when a bust-up happens, we are all scared for our lives,” Stanzin
told This Week in Asia.


“The fear might have now reduced, but there is still anxiety here. We keep
thinking, what if such a stand-off erupts again?”





 * Next Post India, Russia Reinvigorate Bilateral Ties Monday, December 20, 2021
   by Indian Defence News
 * Previous Post Resolution of Kashmir Conflict Important For Regional Peace And
   Stability: Pak Army Chief Qamar Bajwa Monday, December 20, 2021 by Indian
   Defence News


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