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Thursday 25 August 2022
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Story


Jostein Bogen


MIDDLE EAST SHIPPING AND PORTS 'PRIMED FOR HYDROGEN TRANSITION'

DUBAI, 1 DAYS AGO



With hydrogen emerging as an attractive and viable solution to maritime
decarbonisation, the Middle East is well positioned to establish itself as a
leading producer and exporter of the clean energy source, says an expert.
 
A research paper by international classification society DNV predicts that
annual demand for hydrogen (H2) as an energy carrier will climb from 1,000
metric tonnes today to 39–161 megatonnes by 2050, says Jostein Bogen, Product
Line Manager, Electric Solutions, ABB Marine & Ports.
 
The reasoning behind this sharp projected increase is clear: as an energy
carrier, H2 holds significant potential to decarbonise industries and contribute
to a more sustainable society. In the maritime sector, it can help owners to
meet the International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions reduction target of 50% by 2050 as compared with 2008 levels. 
 
Leadership and strategic investments
Leadership and strategic investments will be crucial if shipping is to harness
the full potential of hydrogen, however, there are still some technical,
practical and commercial obstacles to overcome before widespread adoption can be
achieved. 
 
The hydrogen infrastructure is developing slowly, for example, and the energy
source’s broader application in shipping will rely on scaled-up systems and
lower production costs. More significantly, H2 today is primarily produced from
fossil fuels, meaning that although the substance itself is clean, its
production nonetheless contributes to GHGs. To achieve carbon neutrality in this
case requires carbon dioxide emissions capture.
 
Hydrogen-based e-fuels such as ammonia and methanol as well as synthetic gas
will also be instrumental in decarbonising shipping. For these fuels, also fuel
cells in combination with reformer technology can play an important role to
lower the emissions from the maritime sector.
 
ABB’s expertise
As a renowned provider of efficient and sustainable technologies to industries
including maritime, ABB has a wealth of experience with hydrogen-based solutions
– including the hydrogen fuel cell technologies which are already contributing
to the maritime industry’s green transition. 
 
In its current form, fuel cell technology is ideally suited to powering smaller
vessels operating over short distances and to meeting the auxiliary energy
requirements of larger ships. For vessels sailing longer distances, it can be
used in combination with batteries and engines to optimise the power plant and
maximise the lifetime and performance of the cells and comply with regulations
in ports and emission-control areas such as World Heritage fjords. 
 
ABB has been driving innovation in marine fuel cell applications both in
short-distance shipping segment as well as in high-power range projects from one
megawatt upwards.
 
Scaling up
Scaling up the output of fuel cells and other hydrogen-related solutions to
enable widespread adoption in the maritime industry demands a highly
collaborative approach.
 
For example, in collaboration with Ballard Power Systems, a leading fuel cell
provider for the heavy-duty segment, ABB is developing a high-power hydrogen
fuel cell concept capable of generating 3 MW of electrical energy for deployment
aboard larger ships. 
 
To achieve energy transition, the role of ports and coastal industrial clusters
is also crucial, as has been acknowledged by the International Energy Agency’s
Clean Energy Ministerial Hydrogen Initiative (CEM H2I) to accelerate the
deployment of H2 and fuel cell technology across all areas of the economy. The
initiative includes the ‘Global Ports Hydrogen Coalition’ working group, which
will bring together port authorities intending to use H2 to decarbonise their
activities. 
 
Megaprojects
With Saudi Arabia participating in the CEM H2I, the UAE this year announced its
support for the Global Ports Hydrogen Coalition, and work is already under way
on megaprojects to expand the country’s hydrogen economy. The UAE’s Hydrogen
Leadership Roadmap establishes a comprehensive blueprint to support domestic
low-carbon industries, contribute to the country’s net-zero ambition and
position it as a competitive exporter of H2. 
 
According to a report by Dubai-based Qamar Energy entitled The UAE’s Role in the
Global Hydrogen Economy, the Middle East can contribute significantly to total
global H2 production thanks to its abundant solar energy. 
 
A collaboration between Taqa – the Abu Dhabi National Energy Company – and Abu
Dhabi Ports will harness the plentiful natural energy to produce two gigawatts
of green hydrogen, which will then be processed into liquid ammonia for use as
bunker fuel and for export.
 
Large-scale infrastructure
Alongside its favourable climate, the Middle East possesses large-scale
infrastructure to support refining, petrochemical production and shipping – and
this provides a solid foundation for producing H2 and H2-derived products for
consumption and export. The region is also home to many major ports, which will
be pivotal to its expanding hydrogen industry and export market.
 
As a frontrunner in developing viable hydrogen-based technologies for the
transport industries, and specifically for shipping, ABB is also among the first
to acknowledge that considerable work remains to be done. However, the group is
also convinced that the direction of travel points towards the widespread
deployment of hydrogen fuel cells in shipping within the coming decades.
 
As a region combining abundant renewable energy sources, a strategic location on
main east-west routes, the infrastructure to serve global shipping and the
vision to drive net-zero ambitions, the Middle East is well positioned to play a
leading role in the transition to shipping’s new hydrogen economy. 
-- TradeArabia News Service


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