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Research Article|Articles in Press
Massed Training is Logistically Superior to Distributed Training in Acquiring
Basic Endovascular Skills
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MASSED TRAINING IS LOGISTICALLY SUPERIOR TO DISTRIBUTED TRAINING IN ACQUIRING
BASIC ENDOVASCULAR SKILLS
* Gilles Soenens ‡
Author Footnotes
‡ These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Gilles Soenens
Correspondence
Corresponding author. Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent
University Hospital, 2K12D, Route 1024, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent,
Belgium. (G. Soenens).
Contact
Footnotes
‡ These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations
Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium
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* Jonathan Lawaetz ‡
Author Footnotes
‡ These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Jonathan Lawaetz
Footnotes
‡ These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Affiliations
Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Centre for
Human Resources and Education, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,
Denmark
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Rigshospitalet,
Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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* Bart Doyen
Bart Doyen
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Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium
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* Inge Fourneau
Inge Fourneau
Affiliations
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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* Nathalie Moreels
Nathalie Moreels
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Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium
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* Lars Konge
Lars Konge
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Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Centre for
Human Resources and Education, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen,
Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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* Jonas Eiberg
Jonas Eiberg
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Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Centre for
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Denmark
Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Rigshospitalet,
Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,
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‡ These two authors contributed equally to this work.
Published:July 21, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.07.019
Massed Training is Logistically Superior to Distributed Training in Acquiring
Basic Endovascular Skills
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This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
OBJECTIVE
A “PROficiency-based StePwise Endovascular Curricular Training” (PROSPECT)
programme has proven its superiority over traditional training in a randomised
controlled trial to acquire basic endovascular skills outside theatre, but
real-life adherence is low. This study aimed to compare the original distributed
training format, where trainees learn at their own pace, with a massed training
format offering the same content within a limited time span while exempt from
clinical duties. Long term skills retention was also evaluated.
METHODS
A multicentre, prospective study allocated participants to the distributed
D-PROSPECT or to a massed, compact version (C-PROSPECT) based on logistics such
as travel time, and participant and instructor availability. A multiple-choice
question (MCQ) test (max. score 20) tested cognitive skills. Technical skills
were assessed using a global rating scale (GRS) (max. score 55), examiner’s
checklist (max. score 85), and validated simulator metrics. Data were collected
pre- and post-programme and at 3, 6, and 12 months after programme completion.
RESULTS
Over 4 years and in two countries, D-PROSPECT was implemented in two centres and
C-PROSPECT in three. A total of 22 participants completed D-PROSPECT with a 41%
dropout rate, and 21 completed C-PROSPECT with 0% dropout. All participants
showed significant improvement for all performance parameters after programme
completion: MCQ test (median 14.5 vs. 18; p < .001), GRS (median 20 vs. 41; p <
.001), examiner’s checklist (median 49 vs. 78.5; p < .001), and simulation
metrics (p < .001). Scores of C- or D-PROSPECT participants were not
significantly different. No significant differences were seen between groups
during the retention period.
CONCLUSION
PROSPECT significantly improves the quality of simulated endovascular
performances using a massed or distributed training format. A massed training
format of PROSPECT may be preferred to decrease dropout during standardised
training to obtain basic endovascular skills in existing surgical curricula.
KEYWORDS
* Competency-based education
* Distributed training
* Endovascular procedures
* Massed training
* Peripheral arterial disease
* Simulation training
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ARTICLE INFO
PUBLICATION HISTORY
Accepted: July 14, 2023
Received in revised form: June 26, 2023
Received: December 19, 2022
PUBLICATION STAGE
In Press Accepted Manuscript
FOOTNOTES
Gilles Soenens et al.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
A “PROficiency-based StePwise Endovascular Curricular Training” (PROSPECT)
programme provides basic cognitive and technical endovascular skills in a safe
training environment, regardless of following a massed or distributed training
format. Therefore, a massed training format may be used to decrease dropout and
boost implementation in order to improve real-life endovascular performance and
enhance patient safety.
IDENTIFICATION
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.07.019
COPYRIGHT
© 2023 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
SCIENCEDIRECT
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