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Effective URL: https://www.aao.org/salud-ocular/anteojos-lentes-de-contacto/que-es-la-ortoqueratologia
Submission: On October 27 via manual from US — Scanned from DE
Effective URL: https://www.aao.org/salud-ocular/anteojos-lentes-de-contacto/que-es-la-ortoqueratologia
Submission: On October 27 via manual from US — Scanned from DE
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Please note: This website includes an accessibility system. Press Control-F11 to adjust the website to the visually impaired who are using a screen reader; Press Control-F10 to open an accessibility menu. Popup heading Close Accessibility * Press enter for Accessibility for blind people who use screen readers * Press enter for Keyboard Navigation * Press enter for Accessibility menu < !--End Google Tag Manager(noscript)-- > Shop Log In Create an Account * For Ophthalmologists * For Practice Management * For Public & Patients * Coronavirus * About * Foundation * Museum of the Eye * A - Z de Salud Ocular * Síntomas * Anteojos y Lentes de Contacto * Consejos y Prevención * Noticias * Relatos de Pacientes * Exámenes de la Vista Sin Costo * English * * Salud Ocular / * Anteojos y Lentes de Contacto * Sections * ¿QUÉ ES LA ORTOQUERATOLOGÍA? Read in English: What Is Orthokeratology? Escrito por Reena Mukamal Revisado por Thomas L Steinemann MD Oct. 24, 2018 La ortoqueratología u ortho-k, es el uso de lentes de contacto especiales diseñados y adaptados específicamente para reformar temporalmente la córnea a fin de mejorar la visión. Casi todos lentes de ortho-k se utilizan en la noche durante el sueño. Es como la ortodoncia para los ojos La mejoría de la visión es reversible pero puede mantenerse si se continúan utilizando los lentes en la forma indicada. ¿QUIÉN DEBE USAR LA ORTHO-K? La ortho-k se utiliza principalmente para corregir la miopía. Este problema de visión puede también corregirse generalmente con anteojos, con lentes de contacto normales, con LASIK o con PRK. La ortoqueratología es un sistema no quirúrgico para algunas personas que quieren dejar de usar anteojos y no tener que usar todo el tiempo los lentes de contacto. La ortho-k se recomienda a veces para corregir la visión de los niños. En algunos niños la visión puede seguir cambiando hasta la edad adulta y hasta los 20 años. La cirugía para corregir la visión como el LASIK no se recomienda hasta que la visión sea estable. No hay evidencia sólida de que la ortho-k pueda reducir la progresión de la miopía en niños, pero esto se está estudiando también como una posibilidad. ¿CÓMO FUNCIONA LA ORTHO-K? La córnea es una ventana traslúcida, en forma de cúpula, en la parte anterior del ojo, que enfoca la luz sobre la retina y es responsable por gran parte de la capacidad del ojo de enfocar. Su tejido es muy flexible. Su oftalmólogo hará un mapeo para medir la superficie de su córnea utilizando u instrumento conocido como topógrafo corneal y luego diseñará un lente especialmente para su ojo. El mapa de la córnea se crea reflejando luz de la superficie del ojo. La máquina no toca el ojo, por lo que no hay ningún dolor. El mapa topográfico de la córnea le muestra a su oftalmólogo la forma y las curvas de su córnea. Los lentes funcionan aplanando el centro de la córnea, cambiando así la forma como se fleja la luz al entrar al ojo. La mayoría de los lentes de ortoqueratología se usan durante la noche para aplanar la córnea, luego se retiran durante el día. Estos son lentes nocturnos, son lentes rígidos, gas permeables, lo suficientemente resistentes como para reformar la córnea, a la vez que permiten el paso del oxígeno de manera que su ojo permanece en buenas condiciones. Al retirar los lentes de ortho-k, la córnea permanece plana por un tiempo y la visión se corrige sin la necesidad de utilizar anteojos. Si se dejan de usar los lentes nocturnos, los ojos eventualmente regresarán a su forma original y el error refractivo regresará. Tendrá que seguir usando los anteojos regularmente para mantener la corrección visual. ¿QUÉ SE PUEDE ESPERAR DE LA ORTHO-K? Se pueden requerir dos semanas o más para lograr el máximo de corrección visual con la ortoqueratología, aunque hay quienes experimentan una significativa mejoría de la visión en solo días. En los estudios clínicos de la Administración de Alimentos y Drogas de los lentes ortho-k aprobados, la mayoría de los pacientes lograron una visión 20/40 o mejor. Es posible que requiera una serie de lentes ortho-k temporales para ver adecuadamente hasta que llegue a la prescripción deseada. Normalmente, hay que usar hasta tres pares de lentes ortoqueratológicos, de forma sucesiva, para lograr la mejor corrección visual. Cuando se haya logrado la prescripción deseada, utilizará la misma forma de lentes cada noche para mantener la corrección. Hasta que se acostumbre a usarlos, probablemente sentirá los lentes dentro de los ojos hasta que se duerma. Con el tiempo, generalmente la comodidad va mejorando. Una vez que sus córneas tienen la curvatura final deseada, utilizará un lente retenedor — con la frecuencia que su oftalmólogo le recomiende — para mantener su visión. ¿ES SEGURA LA ORTOQUERATOLOGÍA? La ortho-k se asocia con un incremento de riesgo de infección (queratitis microbiana/bacteriana). Este riesgo es especialmente preocupante en niños y adolescentes, que pueden ser menos capaces de los adultos de mantener una buena higiene de sus manos y una buena higiene de sus lentes de contacto. Cada año, cerca de un millón de americanos consulta al médico por infecciones oculares. El mayor factor de riesgo de infecciones es el uso de lentes de contacto. Las infecciones de los ojos pueden tener consecuencias graves, incluyendo limitación visual de por vida. Por esta razón, la ortho-k puede ser más peligrosa que los anteojos, que pueden utilizarse para corregir estas mismas condiciones. Esa es una de las razones de la importancia del consultar a un oftalmólogo si se está considerando la posibilidad de recurrir a la ortho-k. No hay límite al tiempo en el que se pueden utilizar los lentes de ortoqueratología. Debe consultar con su oftalmólogo y tener seguimientos frecuentes. Pero si sus ojos permanecen sanos y cómodos, la ortho-k podría ser utilizada durante años. ¿CUÁNTO CUESTAN LOS LENTES DE ORTOQUERATOLOGÍA? En la mayoría de los casos, la ortoqueratología podría ser un tratamiento efectivo. Suele haber otras alternativas más baratas y más conocidas para corregir los errores refractivos, como los anteojos. Pero puede haber algunos casos en los que el seguro puede recomendar y pagar los lentes de ortho-k. El costo de la ortho-k, incluyendo las consultas de seguimiento asociadas con la adaptación de los lentes, puede variar significativamente según el tipo y grado de error refractivo. Por lo general, los costos de la ortho-k van de $1.000 a $4.000. 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