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Vaccines


Important update: Healthcare facilities
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 1. Vaccines

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STAY UP TO DATE WITH COVID-19 VACCINES INCLUDING BOOSTERS

Stay Up to Date with COVID-19 Vaccines Including Boosters
Updated Sept. 8, 2022
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WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

 * CDC recommends everyone stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination, including
   all primary series doses and boosters for their age group:
   * People ages 6 months through 4 years should get all COVID-19 primary series
     doses.
   * People ages 5 years and older should get all primary series doses, and the
     booster dose recommended for them by CDC, if eligible.
     * People ages 5 years to 11 years are currently recommended to get the
       original (monovalent) booster.
     * People ages 12 years and older are recommended to receive one updated
       Pfizer or Moderna (bivalent) booster.
       * This includes people who have received all primary series doses and
         people who have previously received one or more original (monovalent)
         boosters.
       * At this time, people aged 12 years to 17 years can only receive the
         updated Pfizer bivalent booster.
 * Getting a COVID-19 vaccine after you recover from COVID-19 infection provides
   added protection against COVID-19.
 * People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have different
   recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines, including boosters.
 * COVID-19 vaccine and booster recommendations may be updated as CDC continues
   to monitor the latest data.


ABOUT COVID-19 VACCINES

COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States are effective at protecting
people from getting seriously ill, being hospitalized, and dying. As with other
diseases, you are protected best from COVID-19 when you stay up to date with the
recommended vaccines, including recommended boosters.

Four COVID-19 vaccines are approved or authorized in the United States to
prevent COVID-19: Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Novavax, and Johnson & Johnson’s
Janssen (J&J/Janssen). It’s recommended that the J&J/Janssen COVID-19 vaccine
only be considered in some situations.

Updated COVID-19 boosters can both help restore protection that has decreased
since previous vaccination, and provide broader protection against newer
variants. The updated, or bivalent boosters, target the most recent Omicron
subvariants, BA.4 and BA.5, that are more contagious and more resistant than
earlier strains of Omicron.


WHEN ARE YOU UP TO DATE?

You are up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines if you have completed a COVID-19
vaccine primary series and received the most recent booster dose recommended for
you by CDC.

Vaccine recommendations are based on your age, the vaccine you first received,
and time since last dose. People who are moderately or severely
immunocompromised have different recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines.







CHILDREN AND TEENS AGES 6 MONTHS–17 YEARS

COVID-19 vaccine dosage is based on age on the day of vaccination, not on size
or weight. Children get a smaller dose of COVID-19 vaccine than teens and adults
based on the age group they belong to.

Pfizer-BioNTech
AGE GROUP
6 MONTHS–4 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

At least 8 weeks after 2nd dose



Up to Date: 2 weeks after 3rd dose, since a booster is not recommended for this
age group at this time [ 2 ]



AGE GROUP
5–11 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
BOOSTER

At least 5 months after 2nd dose



Up to Date: Immediately after 3rd dose [ 2 ]



AGE GROUP
12–17 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster, and can only be
Pfizer-BioNTech



Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]


Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine Overview



Moderna
AGE GROUP
6 MONTHS–11 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

4–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]




Up to Date: 2 weeks after 2nd dose, since a booster is not currently recommended
for children or teens in this age group who have received the Moderna primary
series [ 2 ]



AGE GROUP
12–17 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

4–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster, and can only be
Pfizer-BioNTech



Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]


Moderna Vaccine Overview



Novavax
AGE GROUP
12-17 YEARS
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3-8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose, and can only be Pfizer-BioNTech



Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]


Novavax Vaccine Overview




ADULTS AGES 18 YEARS AND OLDER

Pfizer-BioNTech
AGE GROUP
18 YEARS AND OLDER
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster, and can be Pfizer-BioNTech or
Moderna



Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]

Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine Overview

Moderna
AGE GROUP
18 YEARS AND OLDER
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

4–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose or last booster, and can be Pfizer-BioNTech or
Moderna



Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]

Moderna Vaccine Overview



Novavax
AGE GROUP
18 YEARS AND OLDER
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
PRIMARY SERIES

3–8 weeks after 1st dose [ 1 ]

3rd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 2nd dose, and can be Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna

Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]


Novavax Vaccine Overview
Johnson & Johnson's Janssen
AGE GROUP
18 YEARS AND OLDER
1st Dose
PRIMARY SERIES
2nd Dose
UPDATED BOOSTER

At least 2 months after 1st dose or last booster, and can be Pfizer-BioNTech or
Moderna




Up to Date: Immediately after you have received the most recent booster
recommended for you [ 2 ]


J&J/Janssen Vaccine Overview





1 Talk to your healthcare or vaccine provider about the timing for the 2nd dose
in your primary series.

 * People ages 6 months through 64 years, and especially males ages 12 through
   39 years, may consider getting the 2nd primary dose of an mRNA COVID-19
   vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) 8 weeks after the 1st dose.
   * A longer time between the 1st and 2nd primary doses may increase how much
     protection the vaccines offer, and further minimize the rare risk of
     myocarditis and pericarditis.
 * Anyone wanting protection due to high levels of community transmission,
   people ages 65 years and older, or people who are more likely to get very
   sick from COVID-19, should get the second dose of:
   * Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine 3 weeks (or 21 days) after the first dose.
   * Moderna COVID-19 vaccine 4 weeks (or 28 days) after the first dose.
   * Novavax COVID-19 vaccine 3 weeks (or 21 days) after the first dose.

2 If you have completed your primary series, but are not yet eligible for a
booster, you are also considered up to date.


MIXING COVID-19 VACCINE PRODUCTS


PRIMARY SERIES

CDC does not recommend mixing products for your primary series doses. If you
received Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, or Novavax for the first dose of your primary
series, you should get the same product for all following primary series doses.


BOOSTERS

 * People ages 18 years and older may get a different product for a booster than
   they got for their primary series, as long as it is Pfizer-BioNTech or
   Moderna.
 * Teens ages 12-17 years may get a different product for a booster than they
   got for their primary series, as long as it is Pfizer-BioNTech.
 * Children ages 5 through 11 years who got a Pfizer-BioNTech primary series
   must also get Pfizer-BioNTech for a booster.
 * People ages 12 years and older may only get the updated (bivalent) mRNA
   (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) booster. They can no longer get an original
   (monovalent) mRNA booster.
 * Novavax is not authorized for use as a booster dose at this time.


Learn about Getting Your Vaccine
 * Do you need to wait to get vaccinated after infection or getting treatment?
 * How can you prepare?
 * What can you expect during and after your vaccination?

Getting Your COVID-19 Vaccine


VACCINATION OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES

Specific recommendations for people vaccinated outside of the United States
depend on whether:

 * The vaccine(s) received are accepted in the United States
 * The primary series was completed and, if eligible, a booster dose was
   received

These recommendations apply only to people who are not moderately or severely
immunocompromised.

COVID-19 vaccines abroad that are accepted in the United States

Vaccines approved or authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
currently include:

 * Pfizer-BioNTech
 * Moderna
 * Novavax
 * Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen

Vaccines listed for emergency use by the World Health Organization
(WHO) currently include those that are listed above and the following:

 * AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine
 * Sinopharm
 * Sinovac
 * COVAXIN
 * Covovax
 * CanSino


IF YOU RECEIVE A VACCINE THAT IS NOT IN THE ACCEPTED LIST ABOVE

Wait at least 28 days after getting the last dose of that vaccine to start
COVID-19 vaccination over with a COVID-19 vaccine that has been approved or
authorized by the FDA.

There may be limited data available on the safety or effectiveness of COVID-19
vaccines that the FDA has not approved or authorized.


HOW TO COMPLETE A PRIMARY SERIES

 * Receive 1 dose of a single-dose accepted COVID-19 vaccine
 * Receive 2 doses (or any combination) of a 2-dose accepted COVID-19 vaccine

CDC does not recommend mixing different COVID-19 vaccines for the primary series
but is aware that this is increasingly common in many countries outside of the
United States. Therefore, for the interpretation of vaccination records, people
who receive a mixed primary series have completed the series.


IF YOU START BUT DON’T COMPLETE A PRIMARY SERIES

 * Get 1 dose of Moderna, Novavax, or Pfizer-BioNTech and you’ll be considered
   to have completed a primary series
 * If the 1st dose in the primary series you started was of Moderna, Novavax, or
   Pfizer-BioNTech, its best to get the same vaccine again to complete the
   series


AFTER COMPLETING A PRIMARY SERIES

If you are not yet eligible for a booster, you are considered up to date.
Otherwise, stay up to date by getting the most recent booster recommended for
you.

Learn more about recommendations for vaccinations outside of the United
States and talk to your healthcare provider if you have questions.

Proof of vaccination card in the United States

The white CDC COVID-19 vaccination cards are issued only to people vaccinated in
the United States. CDC recommends that people vaccinated outside of the United
States keep their documentation of being vaccinated in another country as proof
of vaccination. CDC does not keep vaccination records nor determine how
vaccination records are used. People can update their records with vaccines they
received while outside of the United States by:

 * Contacting the immunization information system (IIS) in their state.
 * Contacting their healthcare provider or local or state immunization program
   through their state’s health department.

Learn more about COVID-19 vaccination cards.


RESOURCES


RELATED PAGES

 * COVID-19 Vaccine Safety and Monitoring
 * Possibility of COVID-19 after Vaccination: Breakthrough Infections


FOR HEALTHCARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH

Use of COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States: Interim Clinical Considerations


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Last Updated Sept. 8, 2022
Content source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
(NCIRD), Division of Viral Diseases
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