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IN-DEPTH: US STARTS DISMANTLING THE CCP’S OVERSEAS ‘MAFIA’ APPARATUS

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A balloon is held at a press conference and rally in front of the America
ChangLe Association highlighting Beijing's transnational repression in New York
City on Feb. 25, 2023. A now-closed overseas Chinese police station is located
inside the association building.Samira Bouaou/The Epoch Times
By Eva Fu
5/8/2023Updated: 10/1/2024
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NEW YORK—Yu Jing, who escaped China after being persecuted for her faith, did
not expect that she would feel her freedom threatened in her newfound home.

Once an official with the state-run China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau in communist
China, Yu lost her job and was subjected to three arrests and two house raids
for her faith in Falun Gong, also known as Falun Dafa.

The spiritual practice involves a set of moral teachings with truthfulness,
compassion, and tolerance as its core principles, as well as five meditative
exercises. By 1999, an estimated 70 million to 100 million people were
practicing in mainland China. Viewing the practice’s popularity as a threat to
the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP’s) power, then-leader Jiang Zemin ordered a
brutal nationwide campaign of suppression that continues today.

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In 2001, Yu almost died. After an 11-day hunger strike in protest of the
persecution, during which she was deprived of sleep and faced nonstop threats
from baton-wielding guards, her sweat-covered body began to shake
uncontrollably. Had she been brought to the hospital 10 minutes later, the
doctor told the guards, she wouldn’t have survived.

Yu escaped to freedom in mid-2015. Months later, she traveled to the nation’s
capital to join a protest near the Washington Marriott Wardman Park, where Xi
Jinping was staying on his first visit to the United States as the paramount
leader of the Party.

She held a large white banner reading “Bring Jiang Zemin to Justice” in thick
Chinese characters. She wanted the persecution to end and for Xi’s predecessor
Jiang, the campaign’s chief architect, to be brought to account.

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As Xi’s motorcade was driving past in the late afternoon, Yu suddenly found
herself swarmed by a large number of men donning red T-shirts. They held up red
flags in an effort to cover Yu’s face and banner. They continued to surround her
even after police warned them to step away.

“Never would I imagine that in a free society like the United States, these
pro-Chinese Communist Party agents could be so out of control,” she told The
Epoch Times, recalling her shock at the time.

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Falun Gong protesters hold a banner calling for the former Chinese leader Jiang
Zemin to be brought to justice outside the Washington Marriott Wardman Park
Hotel in Washington on March 30, 2016. Courtesy of David Tompkins

Many in the overseas Chinese dissident community have long known such
pro-Beijing protesters to be organized by local groups closely tied to the CCP.

A federal indictment last month confirmed this connection.

Two New York men were arrested for allegedly operating a secret police station
in Manhattan on behalf of Beijing. Those arrests were part of several cases
bringing charges against more than 40 Chinese agents over their alleged
involvement in various schemes aiding the communist regime’s transnational
intimidation and propaganda efforts.
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According to court documents, the two men who were arrested had operated a local
Chinese association that organized busloads of pro-Beijing supporters to travel
to Washington and serve as counterprotesters during Xi’s 2015 trip.


‘MAFIA TACTICS’

Roughly 60 million ethnic Chinese live outside of China, with about 1 in 12 of
them in the United States, according to 2020 statistics compiled by Chinese
state-run Huaqiao University. The school operates under the oversight of the
United Front Work Department, a key state agency spearheading Beijing’s
influence campaigns to stifle dissidents and co-opt Western groups to toe the
Party line.

Spying, harassment, online threats, physical assaults, and pressuring
China-based family members of targeted individuals are but a few of the tactics
the CCP deploys to keep this growing population in check.

It’s an expansive effort that has become known as transnational repression. In
both scale and sophistication, Beijing’s campaign stands unparalleled in the
world, multiple think tank analyses have found.

Nor is Beijing shy about its record. From April 2021 to July 2022, authorities
coerced 230,000 Chinese nationals, whom they labeled as fraud suspects, into
returning to China, Chinese state media have touted.

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The America ChangLe Association in New York on Oct. 6, 2022. An overseas Chinese
police outpost in New York, called the Fuzhou Police Overseas Service Station,
is located inside the association building. Samira Bouaou/The Epoch Times
Meanwhile, pushback has been building.

Laura Harth, campaign director at human rights nonprofit Safeguard Defenders,
described the Department of Justice’s (DOJ’s) April 17 action as part of a “sea
change” from U.S. authorities to deter covert overseas Chinese operations.

“For so many of us in the human rights community, who are kind of used to
friends, dissidents, activists, human rights defenders getting locked up,
disappeared, tortured, over baseless charges, it’s nice to be on the other end,
for once,” she told The Epoch Times, expressing hope that the fresh attention on
this issue would lend a voice to the victims. Safe Defenders was the first
to shed light on the CCP’s global policing network.
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Sarah Cook, senior analyst at Washington-based nonprofit Freedom House,
similarly described the DOJ charges as “unprecedented” in addressing Beijing’s
transnational repression.

She said the prosecutions are the first to address the secret police stations,
the first of such scale, and the first to target perpetrators of one of the
regime’s largest campaigns against faith: the persecution of Falun Gong.

Even though most of the individuals charged live in China, there’s still a
real-world impact, Cook told The Epoch Times.

“For one, they cannot come to the U.S. without facing arrest, and potentially,
they have to be careful about traveling to other countries that have extradition
treaties with the U.S.,” she said.

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While applauding the charges, both Harth and Cook, along with the other China
watchers, lawmakers, and victims of the campaigns, contend that the cases only
touched on “the tip of the iceberg.”

Chairman Rep. Mike Gallagher (R-Wis.) listens during a hearing of a special
House committee dedicated to countering the Chinese Communist Party, on Capitol
Hill, in Washington, on Feb. 28, 2023. Alex Brandon/AP Photo

“The arrest of Chinese Communist Party agents involved with setting up the
illegal CCP police station in New York is a small but important victory for
American sovereignty and dissidents fleeing oppression who have made America
their home,” Rep. Michael Gallagher (R-Wis.) told The Epoch Times.

“The CCP’s mafia tactics—surveillance, harassment, blackmail, assault, and the
persecution of elderly parents, spouses, and children back in China—cannot be
tolerated in America.

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“The United States must remain a haven from persecution, not a hunting ground
for dictators.”


PAYING PROTESTERS

The two New Yorkers that the FBI arrested on April 17 are Lu Jianwang and Chen
Jinping, respectively the general adviser and the secretary general for the
America ChangLe Association, a major social gathering place for people from
southeastern China’s Fujian Province.

The facility they operated was located in the association’s now-shuttered office
in Manhattan’s Chinatown, and it represented one of four Chinese extralegal
police outposts in the United States, according to Safeguard Defenders. At least
two other outposts exist in New York and Los Angeles; the location of a fourth
outpost remains unknown.

Formerly the association’s chairman, Lu enjoyed longstanding trust from Chinese
authorities, court filings state.

President Barack Obama (R) and Chinese leader Xi Jinping (L) arrive for a joint
press conference in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington on Sept.
25, 2015. Win McNamee/Getty Images
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During Xi’s 2015 visit to the United States, court filings said, Lu and other
local Chinese association leaders helped bus hundreds of people to
Washington—each pocketing $60 from the Chinese Consulate in New York—to counter
demonstrations from Falun Gong adherents.

The adherents sought to raise awareness about the ongoing persecution of fellow
practitioners in communist China.

Apparently satisfied with the counterprotest’s outcome, Chinese officials threw
a ceremony in celebration, during which Lu received a plaque commending his
work.

Lu Jianwang (R) receives a plaque from an official from China’s Ministry of
Public Security in a ceremony after Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s 2015 visit to
the United States. Department of Justice
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Such scenes were not unique to Washington. During Xi’s three-day stopover in New
York from Washington, Xu Dong, a Chinese American and a Falun Gong adherent,
recalled several people trying to get in front of him to block his protest
banner from view as he stood near Xi’s hotel. The individuals, who wielded red
banners, spoke a Fujian dialect.

Not wanting to make a scene, several other Falun Gong adherents moved away. But
Xu, who had just become a U.S. citizen, stood his ground.

“This is our country, not a place for the CCP to act at will,” he recalled
thinking at the time.


LUNCH BOXES AND ‘A FREE RIDE’

Zhang Huidong, who held the other end of the banner with Yu Jing, remembered
counting six to seven buses, with some coming from Connecticut, Virginia, North
Carolina, and Philadelphia.

They arrived at different times over the course of the day, depending on which
shift they were scheduled for. At lunch, people holding banners that identified
their respective Chinese associations came to distribute lunch boxes, Zhang
recalled.

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One man, who looked like a leader, even mocked Zhang, who, like other adherents,
had brought his own food.

The man asked Zhang, “What do you do this for?”

Another, a student from Connecticut, told Zhang, “We got a free ride,” referring
to the bus trip.

The men became edgy when cameras were around them.

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When Zhang, who limps slightly due to injuries sustained while attempting to
escape from a Chinese jail two decades ago, raised his phone to capture their
behavior, the Beijing supporters dodged it, throwing curses. A reporter for a
Western media outlet quickly found himself the focus of hostility, with some
from the group pulling him by the arm and demanding that he delete his photos.

Falun Gong practitioner Yu Jing participates in an event calling for an end to
the Chinese Communist Party's persecution of Falun Gong in Washington, on July
19, 2020. Li Sha/The Epoch Times

Yu learned about a year later that the counterprotesters had been paid, when she
started driving for a Chinese senior care center with a close relationship with
the Chinese Embassy. Several senior citizens told her they were promised $20 to
$50 for showing up to welcome Xi. Many took the offer.

Lu, a participant in the counterprotest, has admitted to having an affiliation
with a former director of the 610 Office, an extralegal police force created to
persecute Falun Gong. He and the director had taken a photo together in front of
his home in China, the court filing shows.

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Zhang said the pro-Beijing camp’s behavior left him speechless.

“For a bit of money, they seemed willing to betray everything,” Zhang told The
Epoch Times. “It’s simply disgusting.”

Falun Gong practitioners Zhang Huidong (L) and Yu Jing (R) hold a banner that
reads "Bring Jiang Zemin to Justice," on Sept. 24, 2015. Courtesy of Zhang
Huidong

As Zhang pulled the flags away from the banner, the men began poking him in the
waist, and in the melee, a metal flagpole jabbed a female security officer.

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According to Yu, the officer grabbed the flag and angrily told the Beijing
supporters they could get arrested if they didn’t stay six feet away from the
adherents.

The remarks touched Yu to this day. “Thank you,” she remembered telling the
officer. “In China, it was the Chinese police persecuting me.” The police
officer hugged her upon learning her story.

Two of Yu’s friends have been tortured to death by the CCP since Yu left China.


‘THIS IS MY AREA’

Those interactions in 2015 marked one of many run-ins Falun Gong adherents and
other dissidents have had with suspected CCP front groups and agents over the
years. In front of the Chinese Consulate in Manhattan, Falun Gong adherents who
held banners to protest the persecution were frequently spat on, with one
practitioner having their phone kicked out of their hands, multiple witnesses
said.

In February, one man, who has for years harassed protesting adherents while
displaying red banners with slogans defaming the faith, pushed a sign bearing
the words “truthfulness, compassion, and tolerance” off the street curb and
demanded that two women who were practicing meditative exercises nearby leave
the area.

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The man declared, “You can’t practice exercises here. This is my area,”
according to 70-year-old Liu Guofang, one of the two adherents at the scene. The
man repeatedly tried to spit on Liu and the other woman, causing both to run
onto the road.

Eventually, a construction worker who witnessed the interaction alerted the
police. Liu then watched the man flee across the street to the front gate of the
Chinese Consulate, where he loitered. The man came back the next day and
harassed other adherents, Liu said.

Police arrest Qi Zhongping, who faces charges for allegedly assaulting Falun
Gong practitioners in the Flushing neighborhood of Queens, N.Y., on Feb. 18,
2023. Screenshot via The Epoch Times
Less than two weeks after the incident, a man who spoke Fujianese assaulted a
Falun Gong adherent in the Flushing neighborhood of Queens, leaving him with
scrapes on his neck, hand, and knee.
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Liu suspects that the timing of these occurrences wasn’t coincidental. “They
might have gotten some directives,” she said of the men.

Levi Browde, executive director of the New York-based Falun Dafa Information
Center, has documented a long list of similar CCP agent attacks on American soil
during his past two decades of advocacy work.

“This is not something that’s new to us,” Browde told The Epoch Times’ sister
media outlet NTD after reading the DOJ documents. “We’ve been dealing with this
for more than 20 years—be it death threats, physical assaults, breaking into our
homes, online harassment, interfering with our livelihood, threatening family
members back in China.”

Besides threatening the physical safety of adherents, he said, the “thuggish”
communist agents have also drummed up hatred online, spread propaganda in
newspapers, or found other ways to influence the public discourse.

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“They are tearing apart the way we interact with each other here in this
country,” he said.


‘THEY HIDE IN THE DARK’

In the eyes of San Francisco lawyer Arthur Liu (no relation to Liu Guofang), the
United States is decades late in addressing such threats.

“The CCP’s transnational repression activities have never stopped,” he told The
Epoch Times. “It’s decades in the making.”

Liu was a student leader during the pro-democracy Tiananmen Square protests in
1989. After the regime ordered tanks and guns to quell the movement that June,
Liu escaped to the United States, where he raised his daughter, Alysa Liu, a
two-time U.S. champion in figure skating.

Arthur Liu (L) and his daughter, Alysa Liu (C), in an undated photo. Cao
Jingzhe/The Epoch Times
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But the regime didn’t let him off the hook. Not long after Liu arrived in the
United States, the CCP sent an agent to befriend him and collect intelligence on
him. Liu, who trusted the man, even once asked a friend to let the man stay with
them temporarily. Only about two or three years later did the man reveal that he
had “come on assignment.”

“We’d have had no idea about it if he hadn’t told me. So could there be spies
out there you don’t know about? The answer is probably yes,” Liu said.

That was in the 1990s. He said that the Party has become more “reckless” as it
fine-tunes its repression mechanism.

In November 2021, a man posing as an official for the U.S. Olympic and
Paralympic Committee called and demanded the passport numbers of Liu and his
daughter, which Liu declined to give. That man was allegedly Matthew Ziburis, a
U.S. citizen that prosecutors said Beijing had hired to conduct surveillance on
the Liu family. Ziburis was arrested last March on charges that include
conspiring to commit interstate harassment and criminal use of a means of
identification. He was released on a $500,000 bond pending trial.
Story continues below advertisement



Alysa Liu of Team United States skates during the Women's Single Skating Free
Skating on day thirteen of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games at Capital
Indoor Stadium in Beijing on Feb. 17, 2022. Matthew Stockman/Getty Images

After the free skate event in Beijing last February, Liu’s daughter was
approached by a stranger who followed her and asked her to come to his
apartment.

“The CCP never let go of any opportunity to surveil and spy,” Liu said, adding
that he has learned not to concern himself too much with it.

“You can’t live a normal life if you let it consume you,” he said. “They hide in
the dark while we are out in the open.”


‘NO TIME TO WASTE’

Harth, of Safeguard Defenders, is wary about the long path ahead in protecting
the vulnerable from the regime’s reach.
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“We all know that this is, in fact, a massive, global operation. We all know
that it will take coordinated action also across democratic nations, because
sometimes a victim might be in the U.S., but the perpetrator might be somewhere
in Europe,” she said. And “very realistically, we know ... the CCP is
effectively holding family members hostage.”

Late or not, an effective counterblow by the United States is still crucial and
“entirely possible,” said Zhou Fengsuo, who was once one of Beijing’s top five
“most wanted” over his role in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests.

For Harth, that partly involves closing “some gaps in the current criminal
codes” to allow the DOJ to prosecute more easily. And for Zhou, it would mean
more scrutiny of the potential enablers: the various Chinese immigrant community
groups that register as nonprofits but still receive benefits from the Chinese
state. Such groups, he said, have stifled pro-democracy activists and “like a
crime syndicate, exercise control over the entire ethnic Chinese society.”

Zhou Fengsuo (L), human rights activist former student leader during the
Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, introduces Chinese dissident Wang Yonghong at
a press conference and rally in front of the America ChangLe Association
highlighting Beijing's transnational repression, in New York City on Feb. 25,
2023. A now-closed overseas Chinese police station is located inside the
association building. Samira Bouaou/The Epoch Times
Story continues below advertisement



Zhou, in 2020, saw the video conferencing app Zoom, which was developed in
China, temporarily suspend his account at the behest of Beijing—an incident he
cited as one more example of the pervasiveness of the Party’s influence. The DOJ
charged a China-based Zoom executive, Julien Jin, for censoring a series of
meetings that Zhou and other U.S.-based activists held to mark the anniversary
of the Tiananmen Square massacre.

“There’s no time to waste,” Zhou told The Epoch Times. Zhou founded the advocacy
group Human Rights in China, which he says is ready to help any Chinese students
who’ve been victims of the regime’s threats.

Browde, meanwhile, says he hopes the recent DOJ action is one of many more to
come.

“It sends a critically clear message to the CCP that you can’t bring your
thuggish tyranny here to the United States and do all these things that they’ve
gotten away with, to a large extent, over the last 20 years,” he said. “You
can’t do this anymore. You will be arrested; justice will be served. And even if
you are in China, there are things to be done—sanctions and things like that. So
we need more of these types of investigations and more of these indictments.”

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Eva Fu
Reporter
Eva Fu is a New York-based writer for The Epoch Times focusing on U.S. politics,
U.S.-China relations, religious freedom, and human rights. Contact Eva
at eva.fu@epochtimes.com


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   other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service
   or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or
   improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible
   interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to
   present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests,
   such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is
   even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
   
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 * USE PROFILES TO SELECT PERSONALISED CONTENT 198 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content
   personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other
   services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible
   interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the
   order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to
   find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
   
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 * MEASURE ADVERTISING PERFORMANCE 736 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you
   interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for
   you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For
   instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led
   you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to
   understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
   
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 * MEASURE CONTENT PERFORMANCE 369 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact
   with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g.
   reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance,
   whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a
   product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you
   visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of
   (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
   
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 * UNDERSTAND AUDIENCES THROUGH STATISTICS OR COMBINATIONS OF DATA FROM
   DIFFERENT SOURCES 463 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user
   profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your
   interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising)
   content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which
   target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain
   contents).
   
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 * DEVELOP AND IMPROVE SERVICES 551 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction
   with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and
   to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of
   audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or
   improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
   
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 * USE LIMITED DATA TO SELECT CONTENT 135 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE
   
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   Content presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such
   as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device
   type, or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example,
   to limit the number of times a video or an article is presented to you).
   
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USE PRECISE GEOLOCATION DATA 262 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS SPECIAL FEATURE

Use precise geolocation data

With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500
metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.

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ACTIVELY SCAN DEVICE CHARACTERISTICS FOR IDENTIFICATION 126 PARTNERS CAN USE
THIS SPECIAL FEATURE

Actively scan device characteristics for identification

With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be
requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed
fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes
explained in this notice.

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ENSURE SECURITY, PREVENT AND DETECT FRAUD, AND FIX ERRORS 522 PARTNERS CAN USE
THIS SPECIAL PURPOSE

Always Active

Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent
activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure
systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct
any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery
of content and ads and in your interaction with them.

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DELIVER AND PRESENT ADVERTISING AND CONTENT 525 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS SPECIAL
PURPOSE

Always Active

Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to
ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to
facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.

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MATCH AND COMBINE DATA FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES 369 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS FEATURE

Always Active

Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with
other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for
instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card
in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in
this notice.

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LINK DIFFERENT DEVICES 334 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS FEATURE

Always Active

In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be
considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your
household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both
your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet
connection on both devices).

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IDENTIFY DEVICES BASED ON INFORMATION TRANSMITTED AUTOMATICALLY 502 PARTNERS CAN
USE THIS FEATURE

Always Active

Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it
automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of
your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the
purposes exposed in this notice.

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SAVE AND COMMUNICATE PRIVACY CHOICES 329 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS SPECIAL PURPOSE

Always Active

The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice
are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals
(such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this
service and those entities to respect such choices.

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