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Alexander Martin
August 19th, 2024
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VULNERABILITIES IN MICROSOFT’S MACOS APPS COULD HELP HACKERS ACCESS MICROPHONES
AND CAMERAS

Researchers said they discovered eight vulnerabilities in a range of Microsoft
applications for macOS, including Teams, Outlook, Word, PowerPoint, OneNote and
Excel, that could allow an attacker to gain access to a user’s “microphone,
camera, folders, screen recording, user input and more.”

According to a blog post published Monday by Cisco Talos, if users have already
given those apps permission to access device resources then the way Microsoft
has designed its apps means hackers could exploit them to secretly record video
or audio without users’ knowing.

“If a trusted application is compromised, it might be manipulated to abuse its
permissions, allowing attackers to perform actions without user knowledge. For
instance, if a video chat app with camera and microphone access is exploited, it
could be forced to record without alerting the user,” warned Cisco.

The vulnerabilities are all linked to library injection — a technique that macOS
defends against with Hardened Runtime, a setting that restricts the loading of
risky libraries that could contain malicious code.

However, as the setting also restricts some capabilities that apps can depend
on, Apple advises developers they can “add an entitlement to disable an
individual protection” to ensure their apps’ functionality.

Cisco argues that Microsoft has added entitlements for the affected apps,
disabling some of the protections provided by Hardened Runtime — and has done so
unnecessarily.

The entitlement used by Microsoft is intended to allow apps to load plug-ins
signed by third-party developers, Cisco stated: “Yet, as far as we know, the
only ‘plug-ins’ available to Microsoft's macOS apps are web-based and known as
‘Office add-ins.’

“If this understanding is correct, it raises questions about the necessity of
disabling library validation, especially if no additional libraries are expected
to be loaded. By using this entitlement, Microsoft is circumventing the
safeguards offered by the hardened runtime, potentially exposing its users to
unnecessary risks,” states the blog.

Microsoft considers the issues “low risk,” according to Cisco. But following the
report, Microsoft updated its Teams apps and OneNote to remove the entitlement
and thus the potential vulnerability.

The blog states that Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint and Word remain vulnerable and
warns these “leave the door open for adversaries to exploit all of the apps'
entitlements and, without any user prompts, reuse all the permissions already
granted to the app, effectively serving as a permission broker for the
attacker.”

Microsoft and Apple did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

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Tags
 * Microsoft
 * Apple
 * Cisco Talos
 * vulnerability research

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Alexander Martin

is the UK Editor for Recorded Future News. He was previously a technology
reporter for Sky News and is also a fellow at the European Cyber Conflict
Research Initiative.


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 * GM lawsuit is Texas attorney general’s first shot in privacy initiativeAugust
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 * Over 100 Ukrainian computers infected with backdoor malware, researchers
   sayAugust 13th, 2024
 * FBI says it is investigating purported Trump campaign hackAugust 13th, 2024


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