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Text Content

RISING CANNABIS USE AMONG OLDER AMERICANS DURING THE PANDEMIC

FeaturedNeurosciencePsychology
·December 4, 2023

Summary: A new study reveals an increase in cannabis use among older Americans,
with 12% reporting THC-containing substance consumption in the past year, a rise
from pre-pandemic levels.

The study highlights a connection between high-risk alcohol consumption and
increased cannabis use in this age group. Experts call for increased education
and screening of older adults for cannabis-related risks, emphasizing the
potential interactions with medications and mental health impacts.

Dual-substance users, particularly those with high-risk alcohol patterns,
require special attention from healthcare providers to reduce risks and improve
counseling.

Key Facts:

 1. The study shows a significant increase in cannabis use among older Americans
    during the COVID-19 pandemic.
 2. High-risk alcohol consumers are more likely to use cannabis, posing
    potential health risks.
 3. Healthcare providers should screen for cannabis use, especially in
    dual-substance users, and address potential interactions with medications.

Source: University of Michigan

More older Americans use cannabis now than before the pandemic, with 12% saying
they’ve consumed a THC-containing substance in the past year and 4% saying they
do so multiple times a week, according to a new study of people aged 50 to 80.
Those who drink alcohol at risky levels have a much higher rate of cannabis use.

The new findings, published in the journal Cannabis and Cannabinoids Research by
a team from the University of Michigan’s Institute for Healthcare Policy and
Innovation, suggest a need for more education and screening of older adults for
cannabis-related risks.

In the new study, in addition to the 4% who said they use cannabis products four
or more times a week, another 5% said they use cannabis once a month or less.
Credit: Neuroscience News


“As the stress of the pandemic and the increased legalization of cannabis by
states converged, our findings suggest cannabis use increased among older adults
nationally.

“Older adults represent a vulnerable age group for cannabis use due to
interactions with medications, risky driving, cannabis-related mental health
impacts and increased possibility of falls and memory issues,” said Anne
Fernandez, Ph.D., an addiction psychologist in the U-M Addiction
Center and Department of Psychiatry who led the study.

The data in the study come from the National Poll on Healthy Aging, which IHPI
runs with funding from AARP and Michigan Medicine, U-M’s academic medical
center. The national poll of 2,023 older adults was taken in January 2021, nine
months into the official pandemic declaration and just as the first COVID-19
vaccines were being made available to the groups at the highest risk.

The 12% overall past-year use of cannabis seen in the new study is higher than
the 9.5% seen in 2019 by other researchers pre-pandemic, and far higher than the
3% seen in another study in 2006, when only 12 states had passed medical
cannabis laws. The NPHA in 2017 found that 6% of older adults had used cannabis
for medical purposes.



In the new study, in addition to the 4% who said they use cannabis products four
or more times a week, another 5% said they use cannabis once a month or less.
The poll question asked about use of any product containing THC, the main
psychoactive component of cannabis — including edibles – and used multiple
common names for cannabis. It did not differentiate between medical and
recreational use of cannabis.

Older adults who said they were unemployed, those who said they were unmarried
and had no partner, and those who said they drank alcohol were more likely to
say they used cannabis.

Fernandez notes an especially concerning finding: those whose alcohol use was
high enough to cause physical and psychological harms were nearly eight times as
likely to say they had used cannabis in the past year. But even those with
low-risk alcohol drinking patterns were more than twice as likely to say they
had used cannabis in the past year.

This group of dual-substance users is one that doctors and public health
officials should pay special attention to, she said.

“Other research has shown that using both alcohol and cannabis increases the
chance that a person will drive while impaired,” she explained. “They are also
more likely to have physical and mental health issues, including substance use
disorders. Screening for alcohol use, cannabis use, and other drug use could
help more people get counseling and reduce their risk and risk to others.”

While there were no statistical differences among older adults by age, health or
mental health status, income or education, those who said they had Hispanic
backgrounds were less likely than non-Hispanic older adults to say they used
cannabis. Fernandez says this is consistent with other research showing lower
cannabis use in the Latino community.

She advises any older adult who chooses to use cannabis products for any reason
to be open with their health care provider about it, especially if they also
drink alcohol or take certain medications.

Physicians, nurse practitioners and pharmacists can advise if any medications a
person is taking might interact with cannabis, including ones for insomnia,
depression and anxiety, opioid-containing pain medications, seizure medications,
and blood thinners.



For more about the poll methodology,
see https://www.healthyagingpoll.org/survey-methods

In addition to Fernandez, the study’s authors are U-M addiction psychologist
Lara Coughlin, Ph.D., poll deputy director Erica S. Solway, Ph.D., poll manager
Dianne C. Singer, poll director Jeffrey T. Kullgren, M.D., M.S., M.P.H., poll
data lead Matthias Kirch, M.S. and Preeti N. Malani, M.D., former poll director
and current poll senior advisor.

Funding: In addition to the poll funding, Fernandez has research funding from
the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA023869).


ABOUT THIS CANNABIS USE DISORDER RESEARCH NEWS

Author: Kara Gavin
Source: University of Michigan
Contact: Kara Gavin – University of Michigan
Image: The image is credited to Neuroscience News

Original Research: Closed access.
“Prevalence and Frequency of Cannabis Use Among Adults Ages 50–80 in the United
States, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research” by Anne Fernandez et al. Cannabis and
Cannabinoid Research

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Abstract

Prevalence and Frequency of Cannabis Use Among Adults Ages 50–80 in the United
States, Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research

Introduction: Legal access to and attitudes toward cannabis are changing
rapidly. Most of the United States and territories allow adults to use medical
and/or recreational cannabis. Recent trends demonstrate increasing cannabis use
among older U.S. adults. However, little research has examined cannabis use
among older adults since 2019, when the COVID-19 pandemic caused major changes
in patterns of substance use.



Methods: The National Poll on Healthy Aging is a nationally cross-sectional
survey that asked U.S. adults ages 50–80 in January 2021 about their cannabis
use in the past year. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify
demographic and health characteristics associated with cannabis use.

Results: Among 2023 participants aged 50–80 (52.7% female), 12.1% reported
cannabis use in the past year. Among those who reported cannabis use, 34.2%
reported using cannabis products 4 or more days per week. In multivariable
logistic regression, cannabis use was less likely among people who identified as
Hispanic ethnicity or as “other” races compared with non-Hispanic white
respondents. Cannabis use was more likely among unmarried/unpartnered and
unemployed respondents. Those who consumed alcohol were more likely to use
cannabis.

Conclusions: More than one in 10 U.S. adults aged 50–80 used cannabis in the 1st
year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and many used cannabis frequently. As access to
and use of cannabis continue to increase nationally, clinicians and policymakers
should monitor and address the potential risks among older adults.

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Tags
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disorderCUDneurobiologyNeurosciencePsychologyUniversity of Michigan
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