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ORAL BACTERIA ACCELERATE PANCREATIC CANCER IN MICE


Friday, 05 April, 2024


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Israeli scientists have uncovered a pivotal link between oral bacteria and the
onset of pancreatic cancer in mice. Their research delves into the intricate
relationship between oral microbiota and the acceleration of pancreatic cancer
development, offering crucial insights into early detection, prevention and
potential therapeutic avenues.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been connected to the presence of
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a prevalent anaerobic bacterium known for its
association with periodontal disease. Leveraging epidemiological clues,
Professor Gabriel Nussbaum’s team at the Institute of Biomedical and Oral
Research, based at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, embarked on a journey to
elucidate the potential of P. gingivalis in driving the progression of one of
the deadliest forms of cancer.

The team’s research entailed a comprehensive examination of P. gingivalis
translocation from the oral cavity to the pancreas using mouse models. By
introducing the bacterium to genetically engineered mice predisposed to PDAC,
they uncovered compelling evidence of accelerated cancer development, which they
have published in the journal Gut.

Key findings from the study indicate that viable P. gingivalis was found in the
pancreas of healthy mice after applying it to the gums, and prolonged exposure
caused changes in the pancreas, affecting its microbial balance. Additionally,
applying P. gingivalis orally sped up the progression from early pancreatic
abnormalities to pancreatic cancer in mice with a specific genetic mutation. The
research also showed that this genetic mutation helped P. gingivalis survive
inside cells, and the bacteria supported the survival of pancreatic cancer cells
even when conditions were tough. The team’s discoveries emphasise a direct link
between P. gingivalis and the development of pancreatic cancer in mice, offering
significant insights into how this disease progresses.



“The study underscores the significance of considering oral health in
understanding and tackling pancreatic cancer,” Nussbaum said. “By exploring the
role of bacteria like P. gingivalis, we’re not only shedding light on potential
risk factors but also uncovering new avenues for intervention and treatment.”

The findings suggest there’s a real possibility that gum disease could be
connected to the risk of pancreatic cancer, emphasising how bacteria directly
affect this link. There is therefore the potential to focus on bacteria within
cells as a way to lower the risk of pancreatic cancer or to improve existing
treatments for it. These insights open up avenues for future research and could
lead to more effective strategies for preventing and treating pancreatic cancer.

Image caption: The pancreas of a mouse infected with P. gingivalis shows
full-blown pancreatic cancer. Image credit: Nussbaum Lab, Hebrew University.

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