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 * Data center management
 * free cooling

Definition


FREE COOLING

Posted by: Margaret Rouse
WhatIs.com

Contributor(s): Stephen J. Bigelow

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Free cooling is an approach to lowering the air temperature in a building or
data center by using naturally cool air or water instead of mechanical
refrigeration. In actual practice, free cooling is not entirely free, because
pumps, fans and other air/water-handling equipment is needed, and that equipment
also requires periodic repairs and maintenance.



The prevailing air at many latitudes and elevations can be considerably cooler
during certain seasons and times of day than the air that is warmed by data
center equipment. By filtering, humidifying and introducing cooler prevailing
air directly into the data center, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the use
of industrial-grade CRAC systems. Cooling systems that use this approach are
sometimes called air-side economizers.



Alternatively, a source of cold water from local rivers, lakes or ocean sources
can be circulated into a data center and used instead of undergoing the
traditional method of refrigerating a closed water loop with a chiller. Systems
using this approach are often called water-side economizers, which can either be
used to cool room air or directly cool cabinets and other systems.

In both cases, the industrial cooling systems would only be needed when the
outside air temperatures become too high for free cooling systems like air- or
water-side economizers to be effective. Consequently, the working life of
installed cooling systems can be significantly extended.

Reductions in cooling system use also mean drastic reductions in data center
power consumption and service/repairs, lowering the energy and maintenance costs
for facility owners. If prevailing conditions allow continuous use of air- or
water-side economizers, the use of industrial data center cooling systems may be
reduced on planet Earth or eliminated entirely in the case of sub-orbital data
centers.

This was last updated in June 2019

CONTINUE READING ABOUT FREE COOLING

 * Free Cooling, Illustrated

 * 'Free' data center cooling: Methods and challenges

 * Using free cooling in the data center

 * Trends in data centers: Adiabatic cooling, DP humidity control and free
   cooling



RELATED TERMS

data center A data center (or datacenter) is a facility composed of networked
computers and storage that businesses and other organizations ...
See complete definition parallel processing Parallel processing is a method in
computing of running two or more processors (CPUs) to handle separate parts of
an overall task. See complete definition tracking array A tracking array is a
collection of solar panels that turn to follow the path of the sun in order to
maximize the solar radiation... See complete definition

DIG DEEPER ON DATA CENTER DESIGN AND FACILITIES

 * REFRESH YOUR DATA CENTER COOLING LEXICON
   
   
   By: Jessica Lulka

 * TACKLE THE COOLING CHALLENGES THAT EDGE COMPUTING POSES
   
   
   By: Robert McFarlane

 * DATA CENTER WATER USAGE WHETS APPETITE FOR CHANGE
   
   

 * NEW DATA CENTER COOLING SYSTEMS SLOWLY DISPLACE CRAC
   
   
   By: Robert Gates



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